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NCT07137442
Background: Tics are involuntary movements and vocalizations. Some tics are organic: They are related to diagnosed disorders. Sometimes tics have other causes, such as problems with how the brain and body send and receive messages. These are called functional tics. It can be difficult to tell the difference between these 2 types of tics. Doctors need to know more so they can make more accurate diagnoses. Objective: To learn more about the difference between functional and organic tics. Eligibility: Adults aged 18 to 80 years who have a tic that causes involuntary movements. Healthy volunteers with no tics are also needed. Design: Participants will have one 4-hour clinic visit. The visit may be done in 1 or 2 days. Participants will refrain from consuming alcohol or caffeine before the visit. They may have a physical exam. Participants will wear two types of sensors: Electromyography (EMG): Adhesive disks with sensors will be attached to the skin above some muscles. These disks will record electricity in the muscles as the participant moves. Electroencephalography (EEG): Sensors will be placed on the participant s scalp. The sensors may be adhered directly, or the participant may wear an electrode cap. The sensors will detect brain waves. Participants will rest while seated in a chair. Their involuntary tics will be monitored with the EMG and EEG. Then they will be asked to make movements to mimic their tics. Healthy volunteers will also rest; then they will be asked to perform movements that mimic tics. Participants will have their blink reflex tested. EMG sensors will be placed on the muscles near the eyes. Electrical pulses will be used to stimulate blinking. Participants will answer questionnaires about their tics and their health....
NCT06678737
Chronic tics are a disabling neuropsychiatric symptom associated with multiple child-onset mental disorders. Chronic tics affect 1-3% of youth 1 and are associated with impaired functioning, emotional and behavioral problems, physical pain, diminished quality of life, peer victimization, and a fourfold increased risk of suicide compared to the general population. Large randomized trials have demonstrated the superiority of CBIT over supportive therapy in child and adult patients. However, in these trials, only 52% of children and 38% of adults showed clinically meaningful tic improvement, meaning that 50-60% of patients do not benefit from CBIT. CBIT success relies on an ability to suppress tics that many youth lack. The central aim of CBIT is to enhance voluntary tic suppression. Better tic suppression ability drives CBIT improvement 10 and predicts lower tic burden over the course of illness. During the core CBIT procedure, competing response training, patients learn to inhibit tics by engaging in a competing motor action. However, research shows that many youth lack this fundamental tic suppression ability that CBIT aspires to enhance. This study will examine the clinical and neural effects of a treatment combining Comprehensive Behavioral Intervention for Tics (CBIT) and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to the supplementary motor area (SMA) in young people with tic disorder.
NCT07052162
Plasmodium vivax is the most geographically widespread malaria species and the second largest contributor to symptomatic malaria worldwide. It accounts for half of all malaria cases outside Africa, with an estimated 14.3 million clinical vivax malaria cases reported annually, contributing to an annual cost of US$359 million. Children are most vulnerable to infection, with P. vivax prevalence peaking between 2 to 6 years of age. In Papua New Guinea (PNG), there are \>1.5 million suspected P. vivax cases annually, and while P. falciparum infections are the most prevalent, P. vivax transmission is the most intense in the world. P. vivax in PNG provides a unique epidemiological setting in which to assess innovative treatments in children. The complex biology of P. vivax represents a challenge for malaria control and chemotherapy, especially dormant liver-stage parasites (hypnozoites) which can reactivate (relapse) and cause disease at a time remote from the primary infection. Hypnozoite relapse is the primary cause of vivax malaria in endemic regions and is resistant to most antimalarial drugs. Identifying effective treatments for radical cure, the complete elimination of parasites (both blood- and liver-stage), is therefore a priority. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a 14-day radical cure regimen for uncomplicated vivax malaria; comprised of blood stage treatment (chloroquine or artemisinin combination therapy (ACT)) and 14 days of the 8-aminoquinoline drug primaquine (PQ; 0.25-0.5 mg/kg/day) for liver-stage cure. More recently, the 8-aminoquinoline tafenoquine has garnered interest as an alternative radical cure agent to primaquine. However, there is limited data on the pharmacokinetics, tolerability and radical cure efficacy of tafenoquine in children. The overall aim of the study is to characterise the pharmacokinetic profile of tafenoquine (and primary metabolite) in Papua New Guinean children.
NCT07060404
In Papua New Guinea, administration of primaquine (PQ) or tafenoquine (TQ) to breastfeeding mothers is contraindicated during the first six months postpartum, when infants are recommended to be exclusively breastfed, because of a lack of comprehensive pharmacokinetic data on PQ/TQ neonatal and infant exposure via breast milk. The therapeutic restriction of PQ/TQ use in lactating women during the first six months postpartum effectively translates into \~10% of females being excluded from radical cure in endemic areas at any time. This is because many at risk women live in remote areas, are frequently lost to follow-up, or may have conceived again before they reattend. As a result, radical cure is rarely achieved and women are exposed to recurrent infections and cumulative risk of anaemia. Relapses may occur for years, placing subsequent pregnancies at risk and perpetuating intergenerational failure of fetal growth. They also contribute to malaria transmission, thus household and community exposure to vivax malaria. The goal of the present study is to determine how much PQ/TQ is transferred to a suckling baby, if a mother receives a treatment course of PQ/TQ at time of delivery. We also want to confirm that this treatment is safe and has no major side effects for babies in Papua New Guinea. The study Interventions areas follows: Group 1 - Participants receive PNG standard of care; PQ given 6-months postpartum; Group 2 - Participants receive a 14-day treatment regimen of PQ, at the standard dose prescribed in PNG for vivax radical cure (0.5 mg/kg/day for 14 days); Group 3 - Participants receive an accelerated high-dose 7-day treatment regimen of PQ, as per current WHO recommendations (1.0 mg/kg/day for 7 days); Group 4 - Participants receive a single dose of 300mg tafenoquine. All participants will be monitored for a total duration of 6 months, with the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and preliminary relapse efficacy of PQ/TQ evaluated at standardised time points over this period (Day 0, 1, 3, 6, 8, 15, 20, 28, and Month 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6). At each of these time points, participants will be asked to describe any symptoms they may be experiencing, participate in a medical examination, and provide a blood and breast milk sample for drug analysis and safety (biochemistry and haematology testing). The investigators will also collect a small blood sample (heel prick) from the infant to measure drug concentrations and safety testing.
NCT07031921
The study titled "Ultrasound Image Bank: Advancing Medical Research and Diagnostics", sponsored by the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, aims to create a large-scale database of gynecological ultrasound images. These images will be collected during routine clinical care from both healthy patients and those with benign or malignant gynecological conditions. The goal is to support medical training, clinical research, and the development of artificial intelligence (AI) models for diagnostic purposes. This is a prospective, observational, single-center study, with an expected enrollment of approximately 25,000 patients over five years. The ultrasound images will be linked to histological outcomes (for those undergoing surgery within 3 months) or to follow-up scans at 1 year, to enhance early diagnosis and personalized treatment approaches.
NCT05989802
Every year there are an estimated 230,000 childhood deaths from TB. There is an urgent need for novel tests for TB diagnosis in children under 15 years. The Rapid Research in Diagnostics Development for TB Network (R2D2 Kids) and the Assessing Diagnostics at Point-of-care for Tuberculosis in children (ADAPT for Kids) studies seek to reduce the burden of TB worldwide by evaluating faster, simpler, and less expensive TB triage and diagnostic tests for use in children.
NCT03269058
This study will make it possible to better understand the mechanisms responsible for the increase in bad cholesterol levels observed in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with Dapagliflozin, an antidiabetic treatment made by Astrazeneca. The information will: * reveal what is not working properly * make it possible to choose the most appropriate treatments against cholesterol to compensate for this impaired functioning This biomedical research will take place at the University Hospitals of DIJON and NANTES. * 28 patients will take part: 20 patients will be given Dapagliflozin and 8 patients will be given the placebo. * The study treatment will be randomised: patients will be given either Dapagliflozin or the placebo. The treatment duration is 6 months. * Moreover, during the inclusion visit and at the end of the study (6 months after the start of treatment), a kinetics study, to follow the production and elimination of cholesterol, will be conducted. This will involve administering amino acids that have been specifically synthesised for this purpose. * Participation in the study will last 6 months and include 4 protocol visits.
NCT05539872
This study is a randomized, double-blinded, two-treatment, two-period, two-sequence crossover pivotal Biosimilar study. The purpose of this study is to establish pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) biosimilarity of proposed biosimilar I004 and the US-approved NovoLog.
NCT07441551
Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are among the most common occupational health problems and are closely associated with ergonomic risk factors in the workplace. Different occupational roles expose workers to distinct biomechanical and postural demands, which may influence musculoskeletal health in different ways. Field-based (blue-collar) work is typically characterized by physical workload and repetitive movements, whereas office-based (white-collar) work mainly involves prolonged sitting and static postures. This cross-sectional comparative study aims to evaluate and compare musculoskeletal characteristics and ergonomic risk levels between blue-collar and white-collar workers employed in the same industrial setting. Full-time employees aged 18-65 years who have been working in the same factory for at least two years are included. Outcomes include muscle strength, joint range of motion, ergonomic risk assessed using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), musculoskeletal complaints, body awareness, health-related quality of life, and anxiety levels. Objective measurements and validated self-report questionnaires are used. Following baseline assessment, individualized ergonomic and exercise-based recommendations are provided as part of a workplace health promotion approach. Participant satisfaction and perceived ergonomic awareness are descriptively evaluated after eight weeks. The findings aim to support occupation-specific ergonomic risk assessment and preventive strategies in industrial work environments.
NCT07432763
The goal of this clinical study is to learn if Pomegranate Seed Oil supplementation works to combat urinary tract infections, recurrenturinary tract infections, or pneumonia and contributes to the tapering or discontinuation of antipsychotics in palliative care patients withadvanced dementia. The main questions it aims to answer are: * Does Pomegranate Seed Oil supplementation reduce the likelihood of developing a urinary tract infection? * Does Pomegranate Seed Oil supplementation prevent UTI reinfection? * Does Pomegranate Seed Oil supplementation reduce the likelihood of pneumonia? * Does Pomegranate Seed Oil supplementation contribute to the tapering or discontinuation of antipsychotics? Researchers will compare Pomegranate Seed Oil to care-as-usual to see if Pomegranate Seed Oil supplementation can increase quality of care in palliative care patients with advanced dementia.
NCT07161973
Diminished use of skeletal muscle, such as occurs with many chronic diseases (e.g., heart failure or cancer cachexia), denervation, bedrest, immobilization (e.g., limb casting or bracing), etc., is a common clinical condition affecting untold millions of individuals each year. Such disuse leads to a rapid decline in muscle fiber area and hence whole muscle size, contributing to a decrease in strength, speed, and power as well as alterations in energy metabolism. Collectively, these changes lead to reduced physical function and contribute to the seriousness of any disease, illness (e.g., pneumonia), surgery (e.g., joint replacement), or injury (e.g., broken bone) accompanied by decreased muscular activity. Currently, there are no effective pharmacological treatments to prevent disuse-associated muscle wasting in humans. The above-described effects of disuse appear to be due, at least in part, to a decrease in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Reduced synthesis of NO and/or increased NO destruction (due to increased production of oxygen free radicals) likely contributes to the mitochondrial changes, energetic abnormalities, and muscle atrophy resulting from immobilization. The objective of this study is to investigate the potential benefits of dietary nitrate supplementation on immobilization-induced changes in muscle contractile function and mitochondrial respiratory capacity in young healthy men. Our disuse-induced muscle atrophy model will involve wearing a knee brace for a period of 14 d.
NCT04961593
Caspofungin is an anti-fungal drug mainly metabolized by the liver. The pathophysiological status of children with severe infection will affect the metabolism of caspofungin in the body especially in the case of liver dysfunction. There is little metabolism of caspofungin through the kidney and continuous renal replacement therapy and renal function have little influence on the pharmacokinetics of caspofungin. The study aim to investigate PK/PD of caspofungin in children with specific pathophysiological conditions, such as liver insufficiency, hypoproteinemia, ECMO treatment, or sepsis.
NCT07099222
The goal of this clinical study is to improve upon the standard practice of utilizing nerve blocks to enhance the satisfaction of patients undergoing shoulder, or foot and ankle surgery regarding their quality of pain control, the duration of their nerve blocks, as well as the avoidance of opioid medications and subsequently their undesirable side effects. The researchers hypothesize that dexmedetomidine and dexamethasone (Dex-Dex) will work synergistically as adjuncts in a low, non-weight based formula. This would allow the investigators to improve patient satisfaction by providing them with a superior means of pain control that is longer in duration with a decreased probability of unwanted side effects. The proposed clinical study will be a prospective, randomized control trial.
NCT06665555
This is a Phase 1, open-label, single-center PK study in healthy adult male and female participants between 18 and 55 years of age (both inclusive). Thirty-one participants will each undergo one standard bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) following the fifth dose of ceftibuten-ledaborbactam etzadroxil or ceftibuten alone. BAL fluid samples and plasma samples will be collected at designated timepoints to determine the concentrations of ceftibuten, ledaborbactam, and urea.
NCT05219604
This study seeks to explore the magnitude and duration of central nervous system effects and pharmacokinetics after intravenous infusion of diphenhydramine.
NCT07359976
The present cross-over study investigated whether cannabidiol (CBD) or its metabolites and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can be detected in the systemic circulation following a single topical application of a natural hemp extract-based cosmetic (NHEC) consisting of CBD and medium chain triglycerides (capric, caprylic triglycerides or medium chain triglycerides (MCT)) derived from coconut oil. Since consumers can consider hemp/CBD oil as a nutritional product or dietary supplement, it can be ingested by consumers. Therefore, we analyzed the concentrations of CBD, THC, and their metabolites in systemic circulation after oral NHEC administration. Additionally, we tested whether a single topical or oral use of the NHEC would lead to detectable levels of THC in the urine samples using Easy@Home THC detection strips. This study has no intent to treat or prevent any diseases or conditions. In this study, volunteer participants were assigned to one of two study groups: Cohort A (oral administration) or Cohort B (topical administration). After completing the study in the first assigned Cohort, participants had a 15-day washout period before beginning the study in the next Cohort.
NCT07246967
This study, as a prospective, randomized, controlled, non-inferiority, international multicenter clinical trial, aims to evaluate whether a strategy of no antimicrobial prophylaxis is non-inferior to the traditional single-dose prophylaxis regimen in patients with a low risk of infection undergoing single-use flexible ureteroscopic lithotripsy combined with a flexible negative-pressure suction sheath. It is anticipated that this will have a substantial impact on infection prevention strategies in urological surgery.
NCT02456974
Pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in critically ill neonates, infants and children
NCT06426836
Pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in critically ill neonates, infants and children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
NCT03914664
The most pervasive sensory manifestation of TS is sensory over-responsivity (SOR). SOR is defined as excessive behavioral response to commonplace environmental stimuli. SOR is an integral but poorly understood facet of the TS phenotype, one intertwined with core elements of the disorder and worse QOL. This proposal seeks to clarify the mechanistic bases of SOR in TS. Adults with with TS will be recruited 1) to complete a standardized clinical symptom assessment battery and 2) to undergo electroencephalogram (EEG), autonomic, and audio-visual monitoring during tactile and auditory stimuli paradigms, as well as at rest.