Study to Assess Safety and Tolerability of MLN8237, In Combination With Erlotinib to Treat Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

PRIMARY OBJECTIVES: I. Safety and tolerability of the combination treatment. (Phase I) II. Maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of MLN8237 (alisertib) when given in combination with standard dose erlotinib (erlotinib hydrochloride). (Phase I) III. Progression free survival. (Phase II) SECONDARY OBJECTIVES: I. Pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of erlotinib and MLN8237, including, but not limited to maximum concentration of drug (Cmax), time of occurrence for maximum drug concentration (Tmax), and area under the curve from time zero to the last measurable concentration(AUC0-t last). II. Overall response rate (ORR), duration of response (DOR), time to progression (TTP), and overall survival (OS). (Phase II) III. Adverse events (AEs), serious adverse events (SAEs), assessments of clinical laboratory values. (Phase II) OUTLINE: This is a phase I, dose-escalation study of alisertib followed by a phase II study. Patients receive alisertib orally (PO) twice daily (BID) on days 1-7 and erlotinib hydrochloride PO once daily (QD) on days 1-21. Courses repeat every 21 days for up to 2 years in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up every 3 months for 2 years, every 6 months for 2 years, and then annually thereafter.