Participants will be randomized to an intervention arm or a standard of care (SOC) arm. Participants in the intervention arm will undergo pretreatment assessment with PROphet Clinical Benefit (CB) and the Cancer and Aging Research Group Toxicity Tool (CARG-TT); data from the assessments will be used to select systemic therapy, which can be any SOC treatment that incorporates a Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-(L)1) antibody with or without chemotherapy and/or with or without Cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (CTLA4) antibody. Participants in the SOC arm will undergo SOC biomarker assessment and subsequent selection of SOC systemic therapy. The primary endpoint is 12-month progression free survival (PFS). The findings will be stratified according to participant performance status and tumor PD-L1 score. The hypothesis is that risk-adapted, proteomic-guided systemic therapy will improve PFS among patients with previously untreated advanced NSCLC compared to SOC systemic therapy.
