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NCT06550206
The study will assess if toddlers show differences in stranger wariness according to race, temperament, social network diversity, and neighborhood diversity.
NCT01653535
The primary aim of this project is to evaluate the effects of a comprehensive intervention to prevent severe and chronic conduct problems in a sample of children selected as high-risk when they first entered school. It is hypothesized that the intervention will have positive effects on proximal child behavior in middle school, and high school affecting long-term adolescent outcomes such as conduct disorder, juvenile delinquency, school dropout, substance use, teen pregnancy, relational competence with peers, romantic partners and parents, education and employment and social and community integration.
NCT06246734
This research will assess the effect of companion robotic pets on the wellbeing of older adults and their family caregivers.
NCT06675526
The researchers are testing a mobile game (named Detour) to support smoking cessation in adolescents and young adults (16-25 years). The game will be tested in a randomized-controlled trial (RCT) where Detour is tested against a digital self-help brochure ("Jouw eigen plan om te stoppen met roken" \[in English: Your personal plan to quit smoking\]) as the active control group. The researchers will recruit 604 participants (aged 16-25) and randomly assign them to receive the game or brochure intervention. The duration between pre-test and post-test for both groups is 5 weeks during which participants can access (parts of) their respective intervention. All participants quit smoking at the end of week 1 of the intervention period. Data is collected on smoking behaviour, intervention usage, and emotional well-being.
NCT06136676
The purpose of this study is to investigate and compare the effects of Christian and Islamic heart-centred spiritual meditation to mindfulness meditation and waitlist control conditions, respectively, in healthy adults. The potential effects will be studied at multiple levels, with a focus on psychophysiology, cognition, mental health, and social functioning.
NCT06514937
Drug use, substance-related disorders (SUD), other addictive behaviors, or, from a broader perspective, dual pathology, are problems of enormous socio-health impact that still require a great research effort to improve diagnostic and therapeutic procedures employed in healthcare practice. Since addictive behaviors have been consistently associated with the presence of alterations in cognitive and executive functions, it is necessary to be able to detect, evaluate, and have specific therapies for these dysfunctions and investigate, among other issues, the role they play in the onset and course of evolution. After implementing neuropsychological evaluation techniques for diagnostic improvement, the search addresses procedures that allow working on cognitive and executive deficits as a specific therapeutic target. In a previous project, the investigators studied the presence of social cognition (SC) dysfunctions in a clinical sample of patients treated in drug addiction care facilities. The investigators evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of the ET® program in those who presented difficulties in SC and analyzed molecular patterns in saliva that could be associated with SC dysfunctions and predict therapeutic response. The ET® program is an online self-training program for SC rehabilitation that includes modules for emotion recognition (ER), Theory of Mind (ToM), and attributional style (AS). To replicate the RCT carried out in patients with SUD in patients with dual pathology with difficulties in ER or ToM, in addition to including a gender perspective, tele-neuropsychology, and searching for a biomarker or a pattern of them that predicts the patient profile that will benefit from the training, using advanced LC-ESI proteomics techniques. It is also intended to subsequently improve the instrument (ET®) through the implementation of a gender perspective and big data analysis and machine learning, and the introduction of automated user management. From the perspective of the STATE PLAN FOR SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL RESEARCH AND INNOVATION, the project combines clinical and translational research, based on evidence of scientific and technological knowledge, and the use of e-health enabling technologies in the area of Health Services. Health for people with dual pathology, with special attention to the gender perspective.
NCT03035877
This study's purpose is to examine the effectiveness of a promising intervention for emerging adults (EAs) with alcohol and other drug (AOD) abuse and justice involvement in achieving the ultimate outcome of reduced criminal activity. The study will also examine that effect on intermediate outcomes as follows: 1) reduced AOD use; 2) greater gainful activity (increased educational success, employment and housing stability; decreased antisocial peer involvement and relationship conflict); 3) and greater improvement in self-regulation (self-efficacy, goal directedness and responsibility taking). The intervention to be tested is Multisystemic Therapy-Emerging Adults (MST-EA). MST-EA is an adaptation of MST, a well-established, effective intervention for antisocial behavior in adolescents.
NCT05606978
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether blended Forensic Ambulant Systemic Therapy (FASTb) is equally effective as regular FAST (FASTr).
NCT05124665
The investigators will carry out a prospective, household cluster-randomized, implementation trial evaluating a complex, multi-component, social and behavioral intervention designed to normalize the acceptance of HIV testing in the household and increase diagnosis of HIV.
NCT05379959
To study the effects of MDMA, compared to a prototypical stimulant, on social motivation, social ability, and neural indices of social function in healthy volunteers
NCT05345054
Rationale: Older African Americans undergoing surgery are a vulnerable and growing population at high risk for poor surgical outcomes and disparities. Few programs have focused on this population due to a fragmented understanding of the needs of this population. Objectives: While socioecological determinants of health (SEDOH) such as health literacy and socioeconomic status are known drivers of surgical disparities, an estimated 36-47% of surgical disparities remains unexplained. This gap results from limitations of current clinical datasets in capturing SEDOHs. This pilot study aims to fill this gap by (i) collecting granular SEDOH data, (ii) identifying barriers to surgical care for older African Americans, and (iii) establishing a multi-institutional clinical database through a socioecological context. These findings will help understand how SEDOHs drive surgical disparities and inform development of interventions to eliminate them in elderly African Americans. Design and Methods: Guided by the socioecological model of health, the investigators will use mixed-methods to achieve the objectives. First, the investigators will assess the acceptability and feasibility of a 58-item SEDOH survey based on the NIH PhenX toolkit. After distributing this survey to 36 elderly (≥65 years) African American patients undergoing surgery at 3 rural, UAB-affiliated hospitals (Alex-City, Greenville, Demopolis) the investigators will conduct detailed theory guided assessments of acceptability and feasibility (SA1). Second, the investigators will conduct key informant interviews of individuals from all 5 socioecological levels at each rural hospital (n=10) to identify additional barriers and facilitators to surgical care. The investigators will purposively sample 100% of participants at the patient and caregiver level (n=12) to be elderly African Americans (SA2). Finally, the investigators will link measured SEDOH data with standardized clinical data at each hospital to establish a novel database (SA3). These findings will establish a process to measure SEDOHs across the Deep South and set the foundation for a unique database to study surgical disparities. Significance: Development of effective multilevel interventions to eliminate surgical disparities in older African Americans is dependent on a clearer understanding of the contextual drivers of these disparities. This pilot study will accelerate understanding of these mechanism(s) through SEDOHs. It will establish a process to measure SEDOHs, identify additional barriers to surgical care not captured by NIH instruments, and build the database to study these relationships. Such findings will have the potential to impact vulnerable surgical populations in the Deep South and support the Deep South RCMAR mission to promote health and optimize health outcomes for older and rural African Americans.
NCT03036683
This study investigates the effect of upregulating prefrontal cortex activity on risk-taking, and antisocial and aggressive behavior in violent offenders. In the double-blind, randomized controlled trial, using a within-subject crossover design, each participant will undergo anodal transcranial direct current stimulation of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and sham stimulation. After each stimulation session, neural activity and behavioral responses to tasks assessing risk-taking and aggressive behavior will be recorded. The effect of tDCS on violent offenders will also be assessed in comparison to age and gender-matched healthy controls.
NCT03894930
The purpose of the study is to look at the impact of a metta meditation training on prosocial behavior and socio-affective brain responses. The training involves an 8-week, online administration of guided metta meditation practices aimed at generating feelings of kindness and compassion for other people. The study examines how participants respond to thinking about familiar others and strangers using behavioral and brain-imaging measures. This study will be important for understanding how people develop the capacity to be prosocial towards other individuals, which is a key component of adaptive social behavior.
NCT04396470
The purpose of the current project is to test the impact of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation (tVNS) on social ability in children with Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS). Social ability and blood neuropeptides associated with social functioning will be measured before and after engagement in 12 weeks of tVNS therapy.
NCT04067076
The objective of this study is to make a massive suicide risk and social behavior assessment in 24 pre-graduate education centers in Mexico City (approximately 30,000 students aged between 15 and 22 years), taking also into account other outcomes such as depression, anxiety, alcohol and drugs. For this, an app for Smartphone (MeMind) or a web platform (www.MeMind.net) will be used in which the participants will take a self-administered questionnaire, composed of several psychometric instruments. Our main hypothesis is that identification of suicide risk in the Mexico City's student community is feasible using their own smartphones and can serve as both a population screening tool for early specialist referral, as well as a tool for evaluating social behavior strategies and their relation to suicide behavior.
NCT03683056
Mental health in Chilean children and families is an urgent public health problem. Prevalence of psychiatric disorders among children between 4 and 11 years old is 27.8%, a higher percentage than was found in adolescents between 12 and 18 years old, which is 16.5%. The most frequent disorders in the population between 4 and 11 years old were disruptive disorders (20.6%), followed by anxiety disorders (9.2%). Mental health problems generate a high burden of disease on society in general; and there is an important treatment gap, especially among economically vulnerable populations. Prevention strategies appear to be the more recommendable options, mainly if these interventions can be implemented early in life and at low cost. Few preventive interventions aiming to increase resilience in the face of adversity, have been rigorously evaluated in Chile among preschoolers. There is substantial international evidence that shows that strengthening basic psychological skills, such as emotion regulation and social problem-solving, can reduce the incidence of mental pathology and improve various academic indicators. The curriculum of the Interpersonal Cognitive Problem Solving Program, also known as I Can Problem Solve (ICPS), is focused on the development of the cognitive process and children's social problem-solving skills. ICPS has been found to be effective in increasing pro-social behaviors and reducing aggressive behavior among preschoolers. No previous studies in Spanish-speaking Latin American countries have been conducted aiming to explore the acceptability and feasibility of ICPS to provide information to evaluate later the effectiveness of this intervention at a larger scale. The main objective of this study is the evaluation of the effectiveness of an adapted version of ICPS, in the national context at educational institutions with high socio-economic vulnerability, on increasing social-emotional competence and reducing emotional and behavioral problems in preschoolers.
NCT03627312
The study aims to examine the effects of providing omega-3 supplements on young offenders' antisocial behaviour. Participants will be randomized into three groups: (1) Omega-3, (2) Placebo and (3) Treatment as Usual. Self report and correctional officer ratings of behaviour will be assessed at 0 months (baseline), 3 months (end of supplementation), 6 months and 12 months. The investigators hypothesize that omega-3 supplementation will reduce antisocial behaviour among the young offenders.
NCT03055273
This research is being done to find out the best ways to help people with end stage kidney disease take care of their daily lives and improve their social functioning. Investigators want to learn whether services in the Community Aging in Place, Advancing Better Living for Elders (CAPABLE) study such as help with medications, muscle strengthening, balance training, pain management, changes to houses and improved social support can be tailored to fit the needs of older adults with kidney disease to help improve their ability to balance, walk, and take care of themselves. People aged 60 years and older who have end stage kidney disease and have been receiving dialyses for at least 6 months, may join.
NCT00328445
The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the Positive Action program on reducing negative behaviors, increasing positive behaviors and improving academic achievement of elementary school students.
NCT03010670
Among different social cues from the environment, the eyes constitute a very salient source for initiating social interaction or communication. Interestingly, previous work from our (Prinsen et al., 2016) and other labs demonstrated that direct eye contact between two individuals can readily evoke an increased propensity to 'mirror' other peoples' actions. Particularly, using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), the investigators showed that mirror-motor mapping at the level of the primary motor cortex (M1), also known as "interpersonal motor resonance" (IMR), is significantly increased upon the observation of actions accompanied by direct eye contact, compared to the observation of actions accompanied by averted eye gaze. With the present study, the investigators aim to investigate the role of eye contact on IMR further, and in particular, explore whether administration of the 'prosocial' neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) can influence eye-contact induced IMR. In general, OT is known to play an important role in promoting prosocial behavior and the perception of socially-relevant stimuli, such as eye gaze. To date however, the link between OT and IMR is less clear.