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NCT07052162
Plasmodium vivax is the most geographically widespread malaria species and the second largest contributor to symptomatic malaria worldwide. It accounts for half of all malaria cases outside Africa, with an estimated 14.3 million clinical vivax malaria cases reported annually, contributing to an annual cost of US$359 million. Children are most vulnerable to infection, with P. vivax prevalence peaking between 2 to 6 years of age. In Papua New Guinea (PNG), there are \>1.5 million suspected P. vivax cases annually, and while P. falciparum infections are the most prevalent, P. vivax transmission is the most intense in the world. P. vivax in PNG provides a unique epidemiological setting in which to assess innovative treatments in children. The complex biology of P. vivax represents a challenge for malaria control and chemotherapy, especially dormant liver-stage parasites (hypnozoites) which can reactivate (relapse) and cause disease at a time remote from the primary infection. Hypnozoite relapse is the primary cause of vivax malaria in endemic regions and is resistant to most antimalarial drugs. Identifying effective treatments for radical cure, the complete elimination of parasites (both blood- and liver-stage), is therefore a priority. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends a 14-day radical cure regimen for uncomplicated vivax malaria; comprised of blood stage treatment (chloroquine or artemisinin combination therapy (ACT)) and 14 days of the 8-aminoquinoline drug primaquine (PQ; 0.25-0.5 mg/kg/day) for liver-stage cure. More recently, the 8-aminoquinoline tafenoquine has garnered interest as an alternative radical cure agent to primaquine. However, there is limited data on the pharmacokinetics, tolerability and radical cure efficacy of tafenoquine in children. The overall aim of the study is to characterise the pharmacokinetic profile of tafenoquine (and primary metabolite) in Papua New Guinean children.
NCT07060404
In Papua New Guinea, administration of primaquine (PQ) or tafenoquine (TQ) to breastfeeding mothers is contraindicated during the first six months postpartum, when infants are recommended to be exclusively breastfed, because of a lack of comprehensive pharmacokinetic data on PQ/TQ neonatal and infant exposure via breast milk. The therapeutic restriction of PQ/TQ use in lactating women during the first six months postpartum effectively translates into \~10% of females being excluded from radical cure in endemic areas at any time. This is because many at risk women live in remote areas, are frequently lost to follow-up, or may have conceived again before they reattend. As a result, radical cure is rarely achieved and women are exposed to recurrent infections and cumulative risk of anaemia. Relapses may occur for years, placing subsequent pregnancies at risk and perpetuating intergenerational failure of fetal growth. They also contribute to malaria transmission, thus household and community exposure to vivax malaria. The goal of the present study is to determine how much PQ/TQ is transferred to a suckling baby, if a mother receives a treatment course of PQ/TQ at time of delivery. We also want to confirm that this treatment is safe and has no major side effects for babies in Papua New Guinea. The study Interventions areas follows: Group 1 - Participants receive PNG standard of care; PQ given 6-months postpartum; Group 2 - Participants receive a 14-day treatment regimen of PQ, at the standard dose prescribed in PNG for vivax radical cure (0.5 mg/kg/day for 14 days); Group 3 - Participants receive an accelerated high-dose 7-day treatment regimen of PQ, as per current WHO recommendations (1.0 mg/kg/day for 7 days); Group 4 - Participants receive a single dose of 300mg tafenoquine. All participants will be monitored for a total duration of 6 months, with the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and preliminary relapse efficacy of PQ/TQ evaluated at standardised time points over this period (Day 0, 1, 3, 6, 8, 15, 20, 28, and Month 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6). At each of these time points, participants will be asked to describe any symptoms they may be experiencing, participate in a medical examination, and provide a blood and breast milk sample for drug analysis and safety (biochemistry and haematology testing). The investigators will also collect a small blood sample (heel prick) from the infant to measure drug concentrations and safety testing.
NCT07461649
Demographic data, medical and medication history, physical examination, 12-lead ECG, haematology, biochemistry, serology, urine routine analysis, additionally for females serum pregnancy test, hormone assay (FSH) will be done within 21 days and a chest X-ray within 06 months prior to check-in. In study period, each group subjects will be housed in the clinical facility for at least -60.00 hours pre-dose to 72.00 hours post-dose.
NCT05539872
This study is a randomized, double-blinded, two-treatment, two-period, two-sequence crossover pivotal Biosimilar study. The purpose of this study is to establish pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) biosimilarity of proposed biosimilar I004 and the US-approved NovoLog.
NCT04961593
Caspofungin is an anti-fungal drug mainly metabolized by the liver. The pathophysiological status of children with severe infection will affect the metabolism of caspofungin in the body especially in the case of liver dysfunction. There is little metabolism of caspofungin through the kidney and continuous renal replacement therapy and renal function have little influence on the pharmacokinetics of caspofungin. The study aim to investigate PK/PD of caspofungin in children with specific pathophysiological conditions, such as liver insufficiency, hypoproteinemia, ECMO treatment, or sepsis.
NCT06665555
This is a Phase 1, open-label, single-center PK study in healthy adult male and female participants between 18 and 55 years of age (both inclusive). Thirty-one participants will each undergo one standard bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) following the fifth dose of ceftibuten-ledaborbactam etzadroxil or ceftibuten alone. BAL fluid samples and plasma samples will be collected at designated timepoints to determine the concentrations of ceftibuten, ledaborbactam, and urea.
NCT07359976
The present cross-over study investigated whether cannabidiol (CBD) or its metabolites and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) can be detected in the systemic circulation following a single topical application of a natural hemp extract-based cosmetic (NHEC) consisting of CBD and medium chain triglycerides (capric, caprylic triglycerides or medium chain triglycerides (MCT)) derived from coconut oil. Since consumers can consider hemp/CBD oil as a nutritional product or dietary supplement, it can be ingested by consumers. Therefore, we analyzed the concentrations of CBD, THC, and their metabolites in systemic circulation after oral NHEC administration. Additionally, we tested whether a single topical or oral use of the NHEC would lead to detectable levels of THC in the urine samples using Easy@Home THC detection strips. This study has no intent to treat or prevent any diseases or conditions. In this study, volunteer participants were assigned to one of two study groups: Cohort A (oral administration) or Cohort B (topical administration). After completing the study in the first assigned Cohort, participants had a 15-day washout period before beginning the study in the next Cohort.
NCT06480981
This trial will be a randomised, double-blind, sequential-group, multiple-dose, placebo-controlled, dose escalation trial to characterise the pharmacokinetics (PK), pharmacodynamics (PD) and safety of noribogaine in healthy adult participants.
NCT05219604
This study seeks to explore the magnitude and duration of central nervous system effects and pharmacokinetics after intravenous infusion of diphenhydramine.
NCT06426836
Pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in critically ill neonates, infants and children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
NCT02456974
Pharmacokinetics of antibiotics in critically ill neonates, infants and children
NCT05488678
This is an open-label, multicenter, parallel-group study in participants with normal renal function, mild, moderate, or severe renal impairment, or end stage renal disease (ESRD) undergoing standard intermittent dialysis. The pharmacokinetics (PK) of the inactive prodrug VNRX-7145, its active parent drug VNRX-5236, and ceftibuten will be evaluated after a single oral dose of ceftibuten/VNRX-7145.
NCT05527834
This is an open label, two period (fasted and fed), crossover study in up to 3 cohorts of 12 healthy adult participants per cohort (up to 36 participants in total). The pharmacokinetics (PK) of the inactive prodrug VNRX-7145, its active parent drug VNRX-5236, and ceftibuten will be evaluated after a single oral dose of ceftibuten/VNRX-7145.
NCT06752122
The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the safety and tolerability of RCS-21 in healthy volunteers. Participants will be asked to inhale a single dose of RCS-21 and their health status will be constantly monitored.
NCT03505320
Zolbetuximab is being studied as a treatment for people with cancer in and around the stomach or cancer where the food pipe (esophagus) joins the stomach (gastroesophageal junction cancer). Most people with this type of cancer have a protein called Claudin 18.2 in their tumor. Zolbetuximab is thought to work by attaching to Claudin 18.2 in their tumor. This switches on the body's immune system to attack the tumor. There is an unmet medical need to treat people with advanced cancer in and around the stomach or gastroesophageal junction cancer. This study will provide more information on zolbetuximab given by itself and in combination with other treatments in adults with advanced stomach or gastroesophageal junction cancer. The study is currently ongoing globally. People in this study will either be treated with zolbetuximab by itself, with zolbetuximab and chemotherapy, with zolbetuximab and a medicine called pembrolizumab, or zolbetuximab with chemotherapy and a medicine called nivolumab. This study is ongoing, but enrollment in any of the treatment options has been completed. In addition, at this stage of the study, treatment in some of these treatment options has completed. The main aim of this study is to check how well zolbetuximab controls tumors when given by itself. Adults with cancer in and around the stomach or gastroesophageal junction cancer can take part. Their cancer is locally advanced unresectable or metastatic and has the CLDN18.2 marker in a tumor sample. Locally advanced means the cancer has spread to nearby tissue. Unresectable means the cancer cannot be removed by surgery. Metastatic means the cancer has spread to other parts of the body. They may have been previously treated with standard therapies. People cannot take part if they need to take medicines to suppress their immune system, have blockages or bleeding in their gut, have specific uncontrollable cancers such as symptomatic or untreated cancers in the nervous system, have a specific heart condition or infections. There are different treatments in the study. People who take part will receive just 1 of the treatments. Treatment will be given in cycles. The treatment is given through a vein; this is called an infusion. Some people with advanced disease will have 1 infusion in 3 week (21-day) cycles. Some people will have several infusions in 6 week (42-day) cycles. Some people with cancer in and around the stomach or gastroesophageal junction who have surgery for their cancer will have a few infusions in 2-week (14-day) cycles. This will happen before and after they have surgery for their cancer. People may receive chemotherapy for up to 6 months. Some people enrolled to received zolbetuximab and pembrolizumab, may have received pembrolizumab for up to 2 years. People will visit the clinic on certain days during their treatment; there may be extra visits during the first cycle of treatment. The study doctors will check if people had any medical problems from zolbetuximab and the other study treatments. Also, people in the study will have a health check including blood tests. On some visits they will also have scans to check for any changes in their cancer. Tumor samples will be taken at certain visits with the option of giving a tumor sample after treatment has finished. People will visit the clinic after they stop treatment. They will be asked about any medical problems and will have a health check including blood tests. After the clinic visits end some people will have a telephone health check every 3 months. The number of visits and checks done at each visit will depend on the health of each person and whether they completed their treatment or not.
NCT06859723
The purpose of this research is to assess the effects of smoked cananbis when cannabis is smoked during periods of cannabis use as usual and after a brief period of abstinence.
NCT06072170
Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa) is a plant often used to self-treat conditions such as pain, coughing, diarrhea, anxiety and depression, opioid use disorder, and opioid withdrawal. Due to limited data availability, the goal of this clinical trial is to learn about safety, pharmacokinetics (what the body does to the drug) and pharmacodynamics (what the drug does to the body) of Kratom in adult recreational polydrug users with opioid experience.
NCT05142592
This is a Phase 1/2a first-in-human, multi-center, non-randomized, open-label study to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics profile, and preliminary anti-tumor activity of IPG7236 administered orally as a single agent to patients with advanced solid tumors. The study will include a dose escalation phase (Phase 1) and a dose expansion phase (Phase 2a). Each part will consist of a screening period of up to 28 days, a treatment period, an end of treatment visit and a safety follow-up of approximately 30 days after the last dose. IPG7236 will be given on an empty stomach (either one hour before or two hours after a meal) twice daily (approximately every 12±1 hours) in continuous 28-day cycles.
NCT07126249
This is a study to evaluate bioequivalence and tolerability of two different pimicotinib capsules in healthy subjects under fasting condition. 38 healthy subjects are planned to be enrolled and will be evenly randomized to either Study Sequence A or Study Sequence B . Subjects in Sequence A/Sequence B will receive a single 50 mg oral dose of test/reference pimicotinib in period 1 and cross over in period 2. Blood samples will be collected for PK analysis in totally 32 time-points.
NCT07113587
This study aims to investigate the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) profiles of four commonly used antibiotics - meropenem, ampicillin, aztreonam, and ciprofloxacin - administered via intravenous (i.v.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) routes in patients undergoing automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) without peritonitis. Existing dosing regimens for APD patients are often extrapolated from continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) data, despite notable differences in dialysis dynamics, solute clearance, and drug disposition between the two modalities. This discrepancy may result in subtherapeutic exposure or overtreatment, leading to poor clinical outcomes or drug toxicity. Automated peritoneal dialysis is characterized by multiple, frequent short cycles of dialysate exchange during the night, along with a prolonged daytime dwell using icodextrin-based solutions. These unique features influence both the systemic absorption and elimination of intraperitoneally administered antibiotics. The pharmacokinetics of these antibiotics in APD patients, particularly with regard to intermittent i.p. dosing, remains insufficiently studied. This single-center, open-label, randomized crossover study will evaluate plasma, dialysate, and urine concentrations of each antibiotic after both i.v. and i.p. administration in 24 adult patients (6 per drug group) receiving APD. Each subject will receive a single dose of one antibiotic (either 0.5g meropenem, 2g ampicillin, 1g aztreonam, or 400mg ciprofloxacin) via both routes, separated by a one-week washout period. Intraperitoneal administration will occur at the end of the cycler session, allowing the drug to dwell in 1.5L of icodextrin solution during the long daytime exchange. Serial samples of plasma, peritoneal dialysate, and urine will be collected over a 24-hour period following each drug administration. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) will be used to measure drug concentrations. Pharmacokinetic parameters to be calculated include area under the concentration-time curve (AUC), maximum concentration (Cmax), half-life (t½), and time to maximum concentration (Tmax). Secondary PK/PD indices such as time above the minimum inhibitory concentration (T\>MIC) and AUC/MIC ratios will also be assessed to estimate the potential efficacy at the infection site. The study drugs have well-characterized safety profiles and have been previously used via both i.v. and i.p. routes in CAPD and clinical practice. The study protocol includes safety monitoring, including assessment of adverse events, vital signs, hematology, and clinical chemistry parameters. Risks to subjects are considered minimal, primarily related to venous catheterization and single-dose drug administration. Participants are not expected to receive direct therapeutic benefit but will contribute to the optimization of antimicrobial therapy in APD patients with infections such as peritonitis and pneumonia. This research addresses a critical gap in evidence-based dosing of antimicrobials in the APD population. Results from this study may inform future clinical guidelines and support rational selection and dosing of antibiotics in peritoneal dialysis-associated infections. It also offers insight into the feasibility of intermittent intraperitoneal therapy in APD patients and the systemic exposure achieved through this route. The study is conducted in accordance with Good Clinical Practice (GCP), the Declaration of Helsinki, and Austrian regulatory and ethical requirements.