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NCT05364125
* Causes of olfactory dysfunction can be classified into conductive and sensorineural causes. * Conductive causes are mainly due to structural nasal problem, which can be treated by nasal surgery * Sensorineural causes included post-infection, post-head injury, post Head and Neck irradiation and other central nervous system diseases. * Olfactory Training is well established treatment for sensorineural olfactory dysfunction in foreign countries. * Olfactory Training by neurological chemosensory stimulation using aromatic substances delivered via electronic portable aromatic rehabilitation (EPAR) diffuser was proved to be effective treatment in COVID-19 related olfactory dysfunction in recent Hong Kong study. * However, there is a lack of local study on the effect of Olfactory Training in other non-COVID-19 sensorineural causes of olfactory dysfunction in Hong Kong population.
NCT04104594
Impaired olfaction is one of the major complaints of patients with nasosinus polyposis, with nasal obstruction. In case of failure of medical treatment for patients with polyposis nasosinusal, they may use endoscopic surgery nasosinusal. Before surgery, 73% are hyposmic or anosmic, compared to 43% after surgery. Persistence of hyposmia or anosmia despite the removal of polyps can be explained by mechanisms inflammatory in the mucous membrane of the olfactory cleft. In addition, studies in mice have shown a degeneration of primary olfactory neurons at the level of the olfactory mucosa in connection with directly with TNF alpha, a pro-inflammatory molecule.