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NCT07508839
Gingivitis is among the most common oral conditions, affecting 50-90% of adults globally. It is a reversible inflammatory disease triggered primarily by the accumulation of microbial plaque on teeth and gingival tissues. Standard treatment involves plaque reduction and maintenance of oral hygiene, often supplemented with antimicrobial therapeutics to prevent disease progression. While plaque control remains the cornerstone of prevention, emerging research points to certain beneficial microbes that may protect gingival health. Notably, Streptococcus species have been associated with both antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities, suggesting their potential as oral probiotics. Recent investigations have focused on a novel strain, Streptococcus salivarius SALI-10, which produces a lantibiotic called Salivaricin 10. This peptide exhibits unique immunomodulatory properties. In murine models, Salivaricin 10 was shown to enhance neutrophil recruitment and activity while directing monocytes toward the M2 pro-resolution macrophage phenotype, a cell population integral to tissue repair and late-stage wound healing. Such effects highlight the potential of SALI-10 to reduce gingival inflammation while fostering microbial balance. The concept of employing S. salivarius strains in oral health is not entirely new. Other variants isolated from the oral cavities of healthy individuals produce lantibiotics with lanthionine or β-methyllanthionine residues that demonstrate antimicrobial effects against pathogens. Clinical investigations have explored these probiotic strains for halitosis, plaque control, and gingivitis, reporting safety and efficacy. Moreover, salivaricin-producing strains are considered valuable in the ongoing search for alternatives to conventional antibiotics in light of increasing resistance. Understanding the microbial ecology of gingivitis helps contextualize this therapeutic potential. In health, gram-positive bacteria, particularly Streptococcus species, dominate the oral microbiome. Gingivitis involves a shift toward gram-negative periopathogens such as Porphyromonas, Tannerella, Treponema, and Prevotella. This dysbiosis provokes an inflammatory cascade characterized by neutrophil infiltration, tissue damage, and, if unresolved, progression to periodontitis. A recent human experimental gingivitis study revealed distinct host response phenotypes. Participants retaining beneficial Streptococcus species, such as S. sanguinis and S. oralis, experienced reduced periopathogen emergence and milder inflammation. By contrast, participants who lost these protective bacteria demonstrated greater inflammatory severity, underscoring the critical role of Streptococcus persistence in oral homeostasis. Neutrophils, the most abundant immune cells in periodontal tissues, are central to this dynamic. Their numbers increase proportionally with gingivitis severity. Importantly, Health Canada has recently recognized salivary neutrophil activity as a valid biomarker for assessing inflammatory burden and risk of gingivitis or periodontal disease. This regulatory approval highlights the growing emphasis on immune function as both a diagnostic measure and therapeutic target in oral health. Against this backdrop, S. salivarius SALI-10 presents a compelling intervention strategy. Its hypothesized benefits include reducing inflammation via promotion of the M2 macrophage phenotype, suppressing periopathogen growth through competitive exclusion and Salivaricin 10 production, and mitigating halitosis by blocking volatile sulfur compound-producing bacteria. To evaluate these benefits, a proposed study design involves administering a twice-daily lozenge , one in the morning and one in the evening, after brushing a tongue scraping each containing 3 billion CFU of SALI-10 over a four-week period. In summary, gingivitis remains highly prevalent but reversible. Beyond traditional hygiene approaches, microbial therapeutics such as S. salivarius SALI-10 may offer a dual antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory benefit. By promoting immune resolution and reshaping the microbial community, SALI-10 could emerge as a novel probiotic strategy in maintaining oral health and addressing the limitations of conventional antimicrobial therapies.
NCT07475195
The goal of this observational study is to learn about denture wearers' knowledge, awareness, and self-reported practices regarding denture hygiene and oral probiotics, and to assess whether these are associated with clinical oral findings and microbial colonization in adult denture wearers (18 years and older), including complete and partial denture users treated at King Saud University Dental Clinics within the past five years. The main questions it aims to answer are: What are the levels of knowledge, awareness, and practices related to denture hygiene and oral probiotics among adult denture wearers? What is the prevalence of denture-related oral conditions and bacterial/fungal colonization, and how are these related to denture hygiene knowledge and self-reported hygiene practices? Participants will: Complete an electronic questionnaire in Arabic or English about demographics, denture hygiene knowledge, awareness of oral probiotics, and current denture care practices. Attend a 15-20 minute clinical visit for examination of dentures and oral mucosa. Be asked to avoid cleaning their denture for at least 12 hours before the visit. Undergo plaque sample collection from dentures and oral tissues; partially edentulous participants will also have additional samples collected from abutment areas. Have samples analyzed using real-time PCR and culture methods (CFU) to detect bacterial and fungal microorganisms.
NCT07433816
The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of two methods of treating bad breath. Patients are enrolled in the study based on an objective test using the Oral Chroma Device, which measures the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds in exhaled air, which are responsible for bad breath. Before the test begins, a sample will also be taken from the tongue to determine the total number of microorganisms. Patients are then randomly assigned to two groups. Control group: Cleaning the tongue with a tongue scraper and rinsing the mouth with an antiseptic mouthwash. Intervention group: Cleaning the tongue with a tongue scraper and antibacterial laser therapy on the tongue. Then, all study participants will undergo a procedure to clean tartar from all their teeth. Questions to be answered by the study: Will there be a decrease in the concentration of volatile sulfur compounds in exhaled air after treatment? Will the treatment results obtained after laser therapy be better compared to the classic method of treating bad breath? Cleaning procedures within the tongue will be performed at the beginning, then repeated after one week, two weeks, and 3 months from the baseline. After each stage, the concentration of substances in exhaled air that are responsible for bad breath will be measured. Samples will be taken from the tongue to determine the total number of microorganisms before the first tongue cleaning, and then after 2 weeks from the intervention.
NCT07424300
This prospective cohort study investigated the relationship between oral malodor and olfactory function in adults with generalized periodontitis. A total of 101 patients were evaluated before and after routine nonsurgical periodontal therapy. Volatile sulfur compound (VSC) levels and psychophysical olfactory performance using the Sniffin' Sticks test (TDI score) were measured at baseline and one week after completion of three sessions of scaling and root planing (SRP). The study aimed to determine whether reduction of oral inflammation and halitosis is associated with improvement in olfactory performance.
NCT06091228
Periodontitis can lead to tooth loss which may impair chewing ability and aesthetics. In addition, periodontitis can give rise to halitosis. Standard initial periodontal treatment consists of supra and subgingival biofilm reduction and removal of calculus. Recently, the European Federation of Periodontology introduced clinical practice guidelines for the treatment of periodontitis. The use of a tongue scraper is not mentioned as element in the standard initial treatment of periodontitis. The investigators have planned a clinical study in order to provide information about the effect of standard initial periodontal therapy and the additional effect of the use of a tongue scraper as part of the oral hygiene instructions on halitosis parameters in periodontitis patients.
NCT07329062
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different toothpaste formulations on oral malodor in young adults, addressing the lack of clinical evidence regarding propolis- and probiotic-containing toothpastes, which have predominantly been investigated in mouthrinse, tablet, or chewing gum formulations. Volunteers aged 18-30 years with baseline organoleptic assessment (OA) and Breath Checker® (BC) scores \>0 were randomized into four toothpaste groups: propolis-containing (Glimo Beta), probiotic-containing (Glimo Pi), phosphate-based (Glimo Gamma), and a standard fluoride toothpaste (Sensodyne). Allocation concealment was ensured using identical coded containers, and outcome assessors were blinded. After exclusions, 52 participants completed the study. Oral malodor was evaluated at baseline (T0) and Day 14 (T1) using OA, BC measurements, and self-perceived oral malodor scores.
NCT06764342
The present study aims to evaluate bad breath in patients undergoing gingival treatment combined with tongue scraping and laser and to assess its potential benefits for both periodontal and microbiological condition. Firs patients will be selected among those who participated in a privies study. Additional patients will be also invited. They must have gum disease and bad breath. Treatments will be completed within 24 hours and oral samples will be collected with thin paper points. Bad breath will be evaluated by a professional and a specific gas machine.
NCT05651503
Brackets, bands, ligatures and wires in patients receiving orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances are areas that trap food and impede oral hygiene. An ecological environment facilitating the growth of microorganisms (Actinobacillus, Bacteroides, Prevotella etc.) emerges in the mouth and may cause caries, enamel white spots, gingival inflammation and halitosis. Despite the use of specialized orthodontic brushes, interdental brushes, mouthwashes and topical fluorides, plaque removal remains inadequate in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances. On the other hand, patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with aligners have been found to have better oral hygiene because of less plaque accumulation in their mouth. Probiotics are defined as non-pathogenic bacteria that can benefit the host's general health when taken in sufficient amounts through nutrition. Nowadays probiotics can be used to enhance oral health as they are found to reduce dental biofilm formation, prevent and decrease halitosis in children, adolescents and adults. To date, there are few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the efficacy of oral probiotics in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances and none reporting the incidence of halitosis and the effect of probiotics in orthodontic patients wearing aligners.
NCT07175142
This study aims to evaluate psychological distress, sleep quality, and halitosis in obese patients during the preoperative period of bariatric surgery. A total of 110 adults will be assessed using validated questionnaires and a portable halitosis detector. The results may contribute to improving strategies for comprehensive care in this population.
NCT07150429
In the present study, children aged 7 to 14 will receive verbal and active (hands-on) oral hygiene education. The education will be delivered in three different formats: Education supported with positive visual aids (images of healthy teeth), Education supported with negative visual aids (images of decayed or unhealthy teeth), Verbal and active education only (control group). These visual aids are intended to demonstrate the potential positive and negative outcomes of tooth brushing behavior. The aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of these different visual motivational tools approaches on children's oral hygiene performance. To achieve this, the children's dental plaque levels and halitosis scores will be measured before the education, one week after, and one month after. These procedures are quick, painless, and non-invasive.
NCT06483646
Halitosis or bad breath is a problem affecting 30% of the world's population. There are many causes, and oral pathologies, including periodontitis, are the main etiology. In order to make a diagnosis, a clinical interview is necessary to distinguish true halitosis from psychological halitosis. In addition, a measurement of volatile sulfur compounds (VSC), the main molecules involved in bad breath, is necessary. This is done during the consultation by measuring the concentration of VSCs in exhaled air. However, few private practices or hospitals have the necessary equipment to measure VSC. As a result, patients are often obliged to travel long distances to obtain a consultation including this specific VSC analysis. The aim of this study is to evaluate the stability of VSC values obtained in gaseous samples up to 7 days after sampling, in order to assess the clinical relevance of analyzing samples at a distance from sampling. The clinical aim is to determine whether self-sampling by the patient at home and extemporaneous analysis could be considered in the diagnosis of halitosis.
NCT06890104
Goal: The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effectiveness of different oral hygiene methods (tooth brushing, tongue cleaning, and mouthwash use) in managing halitosis (bad breath) in adults. The main questions it aims to answer are: Do oral hygiene methods (tongue cleaning, chlorhexidine mouthwash, and coconut oil mouthwash) reduce the levels of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) in participants' breath? Do these methods improve self-reported and clinically assessed halitosis? Study Design: Researchers will compare three intervention groups: Group I: Tongue cleaning. Group II: Chlorhexidine mouthwash. Group III: Coconut oil mouthwash. After one week, Groups II and III will add tongue cleaning, and in the third week, Groups I and III will use chlorhexidine mouthwash to ensure equitable benefits. Participants will: Follow their assigned oral hygiene regimen daily for 2 weeks. Receive the halitosis assessments at baseline, 1 week, and 2 weeks post-intervention, including organoleptic testing and volatile sulfur compounds level measurements using the OralChroma device. Complete self-reported assessments of halitosis using a visual analog scale (VAS).
NCT06882564
The aim of the study: To assess the efficacy of antioxidant (resveratrol) mouthwash in reducing the level of p. gingivitis and oral malodor over 7 day period among undergraduate dental student patients from Mustansiriyah University/College of Dentistry and Wasit University /College of Dentistry. Objectives: * To assess the efficacy of anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory resveratrol mouthwash in reducing halitosis in undergraduate students with plaque-induced gingivitis patients. * To assess the efficacy of resveratrol mouthwash in reducing p. gingivalis in undergraduate students' patients with oral malodor. * To determine the relation between p.gingivalis and clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing) among undergraduate students with plaque-induced gingivitis and halitosis.
NCT06766097
The aim of this trial was to investigate the effect of mastic toothpaste on halitosis using as proxy the levels of the Volatile Sulfur Compounds (VSCs), and the effect on plaque and gingival indices in adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed conventional labial appliances.
NCT05524948
The purpose of this study is to investigate the efficacy of an experimental dentifrice, containing 0.454 percent (%) stannous fluoride and 0.3% zinc chloride, to reduce oral malodor, compared to a marketed regular fluoride dentifrice after 3 weeks twice daily brushing in a population of clinically diagnosed gingivitis.
NCT04914208
During the current COVID-19 pandemic, the use of face masks is recommended / mandatory to prevent infection. Patients and students have reported to experience limitations in their oral health-related quality of life, especially with regard to the occurrence of dry mouth and halitosis, while wearing face masks. Scientific studies regarding the effects of face masks have so far focused exclusively on medical staff. Studies among the general population are not yet available, but are of interest as dry mouth is a risk factor for dental diseases (e.g., caries, erosion). Therefore, the present study aims at measuring the effect of wearing different face masks on salivary parameters (unstimulated and stimulated saliva flow rate, pH, buffer capacity) and halitosis (volatile sulphur compounds).
NCT03901625
To determine the effect of different cleaning methods and devices in reducing halitosis during active orthodontic treatment.
NCT02665780
This study evaluates the short and long term effect of dental cleaning and mouthrinsing for the treatment of bad breath
NCT03468595
The aim of this trial was to establish the clinical efficacy of Listerine and chlorhexidine (CHX) when used as a cooling agent with ultrasonic instrumentation, on periodontal parameters and halitosis. Ninety patients with periodontal disease participated for the study. Individuals were randomly selected to a control and test groups. At baseline, all subjects completed a questionnaire and carried out an examination. Standard periodontal outcome variables were assessed. For both groups, the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP) and clinical attachment level (CAL) scores were enrolled at baseline and after 30 days. Volatile sulphur compound (VSC) levels were evaluated by a Halimeter (Interscan Corp., Chatsworth, CA, USA) at baseline (T0), immediately after treatment (T1), and at 7 (T2), 14 (T3) and 30 days (T4).
NCT03115892
The Effect of Mouthwash Containing Green Tea With Aloe Vera and Chlorhexidine Mouthwash on Oral Malodour Among a Group of Egyptian Children: Randomized Clinical Trial