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NCT01571752
Background: \- Researchers have been studying patterns of mood and drug use in specific neighborhoods. This study will look at environmental factors that may affect drug use, addiction, and treatment seeking in Baltimore neighborhoods. The results could inform prevention efforts, enhance treatment interventions, and improve substance use outcomes. Objectives: \- To better understand why some people start to use drugs, why some people who use drugs become addicted, and why some people who become addicted enter treatment. Eligibility: \- Individuals at least 18 years of age who are living in the neighborhoods participating in the study. Design: * Participants will be screened with a physical exam and medical history. They will be separated into one of four groups: (1) people who do not use drugs, (2) people who have used drugs in the past, (3) people who are using drugs and want treatment, and (4) people who are using drugs and do not want treatment. * This study will include two outpatient visits about 12 months apart. Each visit will last about 5 hours. Each study visit may be done in 1 day or in 2 days. * At each study visit, participants will provide blood, breath, urine, and saliva samples. They will also have a heart function test and body measurements. They will complete questionnaires about personal and family history. * There will be monthly follow-up phone calls between the two visits.
NCT01036581
Background: \- Functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques have allowed researchers to map and study how the brain works when at rest and when engaged in specific tasks. MRI scans have provided more information about how drugs affect the brain, and about how drug addiction changes the brain and influences behavior, mood, and thinking processes. To better understand the underlying mechanism of drug addiction and to develop strategies for more effective treatment, researchers are interested in developing new MRI techniques to study the effects of addiction on the brain. Objectives: \- To develop new functional and structural MRI techniques, and to evaluate their potential use in brain imaging studies related to addiction. Eligibility: * Individuals between 18 and 80 years of age. * Participants may be smokers or nonsmokers, and may use drugs or not use drugs. Design: * During the initial screening, participants will complete questionnaires about family and personal history, drug use, and other information as required by the researchers. Participants who will be asked to complete tasks during the MRI scan will be shown how to perform these tasks before the scanning session. * Before each study session, participants may be asked to complete some or all of the following: questions about their drug use during the last week, a breathalyzer test, a urine drug-use assessment, a urine pregnancy test, or a measure of carbon monoxide. Participants will also provide blood samples before the start of the scan. * For each scanning session, participants will have an MRI scan that will last approximately 2 hours. * MRI scans may include specific tasks to be performed during the scan, or an experiment that studies the brain's response to carbon dioxide....
NCT03911466
This is a sub-study of NIDA CTN Protocol 0080: Medication Treatment for Opioid Use Disorder in Expectant Mothers (MOMs; Unique protocol ID: 2019-0429-1). Participants in MOMs will be offered the opportunity to enroll in this sub-study, which is designed to evaluate conceptual models of the mechanisms by which extended-release buprenorphine (BUP-XR), may improve mother-infant outcomes, compared to sublingual buprenorphine (BUP-SL). The additional data collected in this sub-study will be combined with data from the main MOMs trial. It is hypothesized that: (1) the buprenorphine blood levels will vary, depending on which formulation of buprenorphine was received, (2) the variation in buprenorphine blood levels will be associated with fetal behavior (including fetal heart rate variability) (3) the variation in buprenorphine blood levels will be associated with differences in mother outcomes (including medication adherence and illicit opioid use) (4) the variation in buprenorphine blood levels and in fetal behavior will be associated with infant outcomes (including neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome and infant development).
NCT07456579
The aim of the study is to determine the prevalence of alcohol and drug use among Slovenian pregnant women. Alcohol and drug use during pregnancy has significant effects on the foetus and has short- and long-term health consequences. One of the most serious consequences is foetal alcohol syndrome, which is characterised by congenital anomalies, cognitive impairment and growth deficits. The prevalence of alcohol and drug use during pregnancy will be investigated in collaboration with the National Institute of Public Health, the Institute of Forensic Medicine of the Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Institute Jozef Stefan and the Clinical Department of Neonatology of the Paediatric Clinic, University Clinical Centre Ljubljana, using two different methods. A cross-sectional study will be conducted on a nationally representative sample of meconium samples. Meconium samples will be collected from maternity hospitals in Slovenia. Biomarkers for alcohol and illicit drugs will be determined in the meconium samples.Meconium samples will be collected anonymously. National survey on the lifestyle will be conducted in Slovenian maternity hospitals, including questions on alcohol and drug use during pregnancy. The survey will be anonymous and not related to meconium sampling; participation in the survey will be voluntary. Data linkage between questionnaire responses and meconium analysis will be performed only within the additional subgroup of participants who provided informed consent. Meconium samples that will test positive for either alcohol of canabis will be analysed for microbiome. For every poisitve meconium sample, two negative samples will be analysed.
NCT05067387
The purpose of this study is to determine the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of oral delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) and to evaluate detection of recently smoked THC in oral fluid.
NCT05877742
Drug abuse is a serious public health issue. Despite the serious consequences of drug abuse, there are around 2000 new cases reported by drug abusers each year. There is growing evidence of the use of auricular acupressure (AA), a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment modality, in reducing withdrawal symptoms among drug abusers. This study aims to investigate the feasibility and effectiveness of training nursing students to deliver brief education on AA on drug abusers.
NCT05731999
This is a pre-market, explorative, early feasibility, pilot, controlled clinical investigation designed to collect initial clinical data on the medical device Previct Drugs.
NCT04725266
To develop a family-based intervention with components of engagement, family roles, affection, and competence and verify its effectiveness on drug abstinence and family functioning for drug-abusing adults in Hong Kong; To compare the difference between family-based intervention and routine care which mainly consists of individual counselling services for drug abusers.
NCT03612713
This study will assess the effects of acute low-dose opioid administration on functional neuroimaging measures in healthy individuals
NCT05063097
Background: Illicit drug use is a growing issue in Europe and leading cause of acute cardiac events in patients admitted to intensive cardiac care units. Indeed, cardiovascular complications are one of the main causes of death due to illicit drug use. However, its prevalence in patients hospitalized in intensive cardiac care units is unknown. Objectives: This large multicenter prospective study will assess the prevalence of illicit drug use in consecutive patients hospitalized in intensive cardiac care units by urine drug assay. Eligibility: * Patient over 18 years old admitted to intensive Cardiac Care Unit (CCU) for any reason. * Without hospitalization for a planned interventional procedure. * Without hospitalization for more than 24 hours at any hospital facility before admission to the CCU. Design: * Multicentre cohort study with a prospective enrolment of all consecutive patients admitted to the CCU to assess the prevalence of illicit drug use in 40 centers throughout France. * Participants will be screened with a physical exam, medical history and addiction survey. * Participants will be screened for drug use by urine drug assay (NarcoCheck®, Kappa City Biotech SAS, Montluçon, France) and for tobacco by standardized exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) measurement with a CO-Check Pro device (Bedfont Scientific Ltd, Kent, UK). * Participants will be followed at 6 months of follow-up to assess the occurrence of cardiovascular events.
NCT04634968
A pilot randomized control trial will be conducted attaching to the MedPAC services to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of a Motivational Interviewing (BMI) interaction via instant messaging apps on reducing the drug abuse among youth in Hong Kong.
NCT04672746
This is a two-arm, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial with an allocation ratio 1:1, by comparing the 12-month drug abuse reduction between the youth drug abusers who are individually randomized to participate in the intervention group receiving medical peer-delivered intervention of interactive brief motivational interviewing via instant messaging communication and those in the control group receiving general health information.
NCT05361603
The principle is to propose dedicated monthly screening days bringing together the health personnel involved (hepatologist, addictologist, nurse in charge of the program, addictology nurse and social worker) and to propose appropriate management for each situation assessed.
NCT05123521
Drug abusers and addicts form a challenge to the anesthetist because of the added potential risks involved in the administration of anesthesia to this subset of patients, including potential unforeseen drug-drug interactions. In this study, we aimed at screening all patients scheduled for elective orthopedic or general surgeries at the Cairo University Teaching Hospital during a set period of time for the most commonly abused drugs in Egypt.
NCT04897295
Background: Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is a complex psychiatric disorder, involving several brain areas and neurocircuits. Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) allows to stimulate superficial areas of brain using a weak electrical current. Preliminary data suggest that tDCS may reduce alcohol craving and consumption. Objectives: The main outcome is to test if tDCS can reduce alcohol craving and use and to assess the changes in BDNF and pro-BDNF levels. Secondary outcomes are the assessment of other psychiatric dimensions (mood, behavioral and cognitive alterations) associated with prolonged alcohol use. Eligibility: Healthy, right-handed adults ages 18-65 who do have AUD (moderate to severe). Design: This is a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study with three phases: 1) a tDCS intensive treatment phase; 2) follow-up with weekly tDCS stimulation; 3) follow-up without tDCS stimulation. Participants will be screened with: * Psychometric Scales * Medical history * Physical exam * Urine tests and breathalyzer * After being enrolled, baseline behavioral and laboratory data will be collected. In particular, participants will undergo: * Psychometric Scales * Venous blood sample (BDNF/proBDNF levels) Participants will be randomized to real or sham tDCS arm. The stimulation will be delivered daily for five days during the first week (intensive treatment phase) and then weekly for 3 months (follow-up with stimulation). During this period patient will be tested with a behavioral and psychometric evaluation.Therefore, participants will receive 3 follow-up monthly visits without tDCS stimulation, in which behavioral and psychometric data will be collected. Treatment includes: * tDCS: The tDCS will be delivered with a stimulator connected to two sponge electrodes, soaked in a saline solution. The stimulation will be administered at a current intensity of approximately 1 mA, for the duration of 20 minutes. The anode will be placed on the right DLPFC, the cathode on the contralateral cortical area. * BDNF/proBDNF levels: A venous blood sample will be collected before the first stimulation and after the last stimulation of the intensive-stimulation period (first week). The blood sample will be centrifuged within 20 minutes of sampling at 1000 × g for 15 minutes. Then, the serum will be aliquoted and stored at -80 ° C until analysis. * Repeat of screening tests and questionnaires * Urine toxicological screen and breathalyzer
NCT00858065
This study explores whether giving families a choice of family-based prevention programs to prevent adolescent alcohol use will make a difference in program recruitment, retention, completion, as well as adolescent outcomes. Half of the families are assigned to a traditional random control trial condition and half are assigned to a choice condition. Further, this effectiveness study is being implemented by Kaiser Permanente Health Care system, and explores the issues of implementing such programs within such settings.
NCT01052675
In France, the Afssaps is the body in charge of the evaluation of pharmacodependance. In order to fulfil its mission, the Afssaps has created a network of 11 Centres for Evaluation and Information on Pharmacodependance (CEIP), coordinated by the Drugs and Psychotropics Unit. Pharmacodependence notifications issued by professionals are collected by each Centre which evaluates them. Nantes' CEIP created an original tool to harmonize case reporting and make it possible to homogeneously evaluate the seriousness of pharmacodependence cases as each CEIP had his own way of analysing his cases. The aim of this study is to assess this tool.
NCT02375516
The planned research aims to delay the onset of drug use and reduce harmful use and abuse among Hispanic youths. The culturally-tailored prevention program will be delivered to youths by computer. Over 5 years, the program will be developed and tested in a randomized clinical trial. The intervention program will include 10 initial sessions, followed by annual booster sessions. Outcome measurements will involve baseline, post-intervention, and three annual follow-up data collections. The study's primary hypothesis is that rates of 30-day alcohol and drug use will be lower among participants assigned to receive the intervention. If proven to be efficacious, the program will be revised and disseminated nationally.
NCT02955199
This is a Stage III community-based randomized clinical efficacy trial testing Mothering from the Inside Out (MIO), the first evidence-based parenting intervention designed to be delivered by addiction counselors in addiction treatment settings where parents of young children are enrolled in treatment.
NCT04925596
Portugal has the highest benzodiazepine utilization compared to other European countries. The high utilization of benzodiazepines has been a concern due to reported side effects of long-term use and dependence. Also, these data demonstrate that doctors are possibly choosing an inadequate treatment to manage anxious and depressive syndromes. This research aims to develop and implement in primary health care units an online educational program, following a cluster randomized study design; to study the impact of this educational program for changing general practitioner's benzodiazepine prescription pattern; to analyze of barriers and facilitators to the implementation of the e-PrimaPrescribe program.