Robotic Opioid-free Prostatectomy Enhanced Strategy (ROPES)

This prospective, interventional, open-label, phase 3 randomized study evaluates a multimodal analgesia discharge pathway to reduce automatic opioid prescribing following routine robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP). Patients are counseled on post-operative pain management and then may opt into or out of the study with randomization to discharge prescriptions including (A) multimodal plan with additional automatic opioid prescription or (B) multimodal plan alone and instruction to call phone line to request opioid prescription if pain management is insufficient. Additionally, a cohort of historical controls prior to implementation of the study is also prospectively assessed as a pre-study baseline. The primary outcome is postoperative opioid consumption. Secondary outcomes include bowel function recovery, unplanned care encounters including emergency department visits or postoperative phone calls, and same-day discharge rates.

The Robotic Opioid-free Prostatectomy Enhanced Strategy (ROPES) study will implement and systematically evaluate an opioid-free discharge pathway (OFP) after robotic-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Brigham \& Women's Faulkner Hospital. Patients are counseled pre-operatively and offered participation. Data will be compared across three prospectively studied groups: pre-implementation historical baseline (current practice), post-implementation ROPES with multimodal analgesia pathway alone (which requires patients to call phone line after discharge to request opioid if pain uncontrolled), and post-implementation ROPES with multimodal analgesia pathway plus up-front small opioid prescription. Standardized multimodal analgesic therapy is provided to all participating patients following study implementation, with opioids used only as needed. There is no change to the surgery and anesthesia plan (though standard care at our center includes injection of local anesthetic to incisions and ketorolac is encouraged at end of the procedure), and patients are allowed opioids while admitted to the post-op recovery area. The study aims to reduce postoperative opioid use while maintaining safety and quality outcomes; this will assess non-inferiority of ROPES OFP in comparison to standard opioid prescribing. Results may inform wider practice change within both our center, the field of urology, and perhaps surgical care more broadly.