Effect of a Posterior Shoulder Pillow on Pain and Sleep Quality After Rotator Cuff Repair

Exclusion Criteria

• •Presence of concomitant shoulder pathologies, such as glenohumeral osteoarthritis, adhesive capsulitis, history of labral repair, or irreparable tendon tears.
• •Pre-existing severe shoulder infection, tumor, or other conditions that may significantly impact postoperative recovery.
• •Previous history of shoulder surgery or severe shoulder deformity that could confound the assessment of postoperative outcomes.
• •Cognitive impairment or inability to understand the pain assessment tools (e.g., VAS score).
• •Significant comorbidities affecting the heart, liver, or kidneys, or requiring long-term use of medications that affect coagulation (e.g., aspirin).
• •Diagnosis of malignant tumors or rheumatic autoimmune diseases that may interfere with postoperative recovery.
• •MRI findings indicating significant fatty infiltration (\>50%) or tendon retraction, suggesting potential compromise in surgical outcome and recovery.
• •Superior migration of the humeral head or obliteration of the coracoacromial space, indicating a high difficulty of rotator cuff repair.
• •Contraindications to postoperative rehabilitation exercises, such as severe osteoporosis or neuromuscular diseases.