A Placebo-controlled Trial of Fractional Flow Reserve-guided Percutaneous Renal Artery Stenting Among Atherosclerosis Renal-vascular Hypertension Patients

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Systolic BP ≥200 mmHg and/or diastolic BP ≥120 mmHg on the day of randomization.
• •2. Suspected non-atherosclerotic causes of RAS, such as fibromuscular dysplasia or large-vessel vasculitis.
• •3. Pregnant or breastfeeding women.
• •4. Participation in another clinical trial that, in the investigator's opinion, could interfere with this study.
• •5. Stroke or TIA within 3 months and known ≥70% carotid artery stenosis.
• •6. Major surgery, myocardial infarction, or any interventional procedure within the past 30 days.
• •7. Known LVEF \<30%.
• •8. Life expectancy ≤1 year.
• •9. Known allergy to contrast media or to any of the following medications: aspirin, clopidogrel.
• •10. History of renal transplantation.
• •11. Prior renal artery stenting or bypass surgery.
• •12. Affected kidney length \<8 cm on Doppler ultrasound.
• •13. Serum creatinine \>3.0 mg/dL (265.2 μmol/L) at baseline visit (measured by local laboratory).
• •14. Reference vessel diameter \<4 mm or \>8 mm on angiography.