Comparison Between Individualized PEEP Ventilation Guided by Driving Pressure and Conventional Lung Protective Strategy in Obese Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. patients' refusal to participate in the study,
• •2. previous history of thoracic surgery,
• •3. Patients with a history of chest disease (COPD, emphysema, or pneumothorax),
• •4. Patients with abnormal pre-operative chest radiographs, such as pneumonia and pleural effusion,
• •5. Patients with right-side heart failure or impending failure,
• •6. Patients with known hypovolemia, and Patients with increased intracranial pressure.