Ablation of Oligometastasis Combined With Lenvatinib and PD-1 Inhibitor for Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Ablation has been an effective approach for treating intrathoracic metastases. However, for hepatocellular carcinoma with oligometastasis, ablation of metastases remains relatively unexplored.

Systemic therapy is the standard treatment for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with metastasis. However, metastases with limited number (oligometastasis) can represent a subtype and transition point between localized disease and widespread metastases. Thus, eliminating metastases could be advantageous and beneficial to the prognosis if feasible and permitted. Image-guided ablation therapy, such as microwave ablation (MWA), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and cryoablation, has attracted great interest as a minimally invasive approach against intrathoracic metastases. Recently, ablation has been used on patients with pulmonary metastases from various cancers. This technique yields high proportions of sustained complete responses and is associated with relatively low morbidity. Thus, we conduct this multicenter single arm study to explore the efficacy, safety of lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitor with metastases-directed ablation in advanced HCC. This study focuses on the management of ablation of oligometastasis therapy combined with lenvatinib and PD-1 inhibitor. This study aims to evaluate the survival benefits of ablating oligometastasis for advanced HCC.