Routinely Collected Clinical Data and Evaluation of Antimicrobial Target Attainment

The primary aim of the study is to determine the proportion of individuals receiving beta-lactam antibiotics at Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust in whom drug concentration targets are achieved.

To address the challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) it is imperative that the current finite pool of antimicrobial agents is optimised, to maximise therapeutic success, limit the risk of drug toxicity, whilst minimising emergence of resistance. Outside of the critical care setting it is not known how many patients are receiving optimal drug concentrations for the treatment of infection. This study aims to assess whether antimicrobial targets are being achieved in these individuals and explore how clinical co-variates and outcomes may relate to this. Furthermore, it aims to identify priority groups and/or drugs where there are gaps in dose optimisation research and develop hypotheses which can be tested in observational studies. Eligible participants will be enrolled and observed during their management of infection at Imperial College NHS Trust. After providing informed consent their clinical data will be collected from electronic healthcare records and they will provide samples that will undergo drug concentration analysis.