The purpose of the proposed study is to determine if the addition of two supplements (TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5) to an exercise regime can induce more favorable effects on body weight, BMI, body composition (lean mass, fat mass, % body fat, ASM, and lean mass/fat mass), upper \& lower body strength, aerobic fitness (VO2max), insulin sensitivity (OGTT), blood lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides), antioxidant capacity (total reducing capacity of plasma), inflammation (TNFα, IL6, CRP, IL- 10) and overall health in overweight men and women.
Primary objective/research question\*:
-Can the addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 to an exercise program induce greater 'high-quality' weight loss?
Co-primary objectives/research questions\*:
* Can the addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 to an exercise program induce greater loss of bodyweight?
* Can the addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 to an exercise program induce greater improvement in body mass index (BMI)?
* Can the addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 to an exercise program induce greater improvement in waist-to-hip ratio?
* Can the addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 to an exercise program induce greater loss of fat mass?
* Can the addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 to an exercise program maintain or improve lean mass?
* Can the addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 to an exercise program maintain or improve lean mass/fat mass ratio (e.g., body composition index)?
Secondary objectives/research questions:
* Can the addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 to an exercise program induce greater improvements in muscle strength and aerobic capacity?
* Can the addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 to an exercise program induce greater improvements in insulin sensitivity?
* Can the addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 to an exercise program induce greater reductions in inflammation and greater increases in antioxidant status?
* Can the addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 to an exercise program induce greater improvements in sleep quality, perceived stress, health-related quality of life and the overall health index?
* Can the addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 to an exercise program induce greater improvements in hair \& nail growth?
Hypotheses:
* The addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 will induce greater 'high-quality' weight loss than exercise alone as evidenced by A) greater loss of fat mass, B) greater gain (or maintenance) of lean mass, C) greater improvement in lean mass/fat mass ratio (e.g., body composition index) D) greater loss of bodyweight E) greater reduction in waist-to-hip ratio and/or F) greater improvement in BMI.
* The addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 will induce greater improvements in muscle strength and aerobic fitness than exercise alone as evidenced by a greater improvement in 1RM and VO2peak than exercise alone.
* The addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 will induce greater improvements in insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR, glycemic control during an OGTT, Matsuda Index) than exercise alone.
* The addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 will induce a greater reduction in inflammation (TNFα, IL6, CRP, IL- 10) and induce a greater improvement in antioxidant status (GSH:GSSG, CuZn SOD, MnSOD, catalase, total reducing capacity of plasma) than exercise alone.
* The addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 will induce greater improvements in sleep quality, perceived stress, health-related quality of life, and an overall health index than exercise alone.
* The addition of TRIM 7 and MUSCLE 5 will induce greater improvements in hair \& nail growth than exercise alone.