Effects of Intermittent Caloric Restriction in Youth With Cardiometabolic Risk

Inclusion Criteria

• •Have at least one of the following cardiometabolic abnormalities:
• •1. Overweight or obesity (central obesity or general obesity)
• •2. Prediabetes: impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)
• •3. Dyslipidemia
• •4. Elevated blood pressure
• •Criteria for cardiometabolic abnormalities:
• •1. Overweight or obesity
• •For subjects (9 ≤ age ≤ 18 years) :
• •• General obesity: Body mass index higher than the 85th percentile for overweight and the 90th percentile for obesity, based on the references for screening overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents.
• •• Central obesity: Waist circumference higher than the 90th percentile of the age and gender-specific reference for screening cardiovascular risk factors in Chinese children and adolescents.
• •For subjects ( 19 ≤ age ≤ 30 years) :
• •• General obesity: Body mass index between 24.0 and 27.9 kg/m2 for overweight and ≥28 kg/m2 for obesity.
• •• Central obesity: Waist circumference ≥85cm for men and ≥80cm for female. Based on recommendation of overweight and obesity in Chinese adults.
• •2. Prediabetes:
• •With IFG and/or IGT. IFG: fasting glucose from 5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L; IGT: 2-h glucose in the 75g oral glucose tolerance test from 7.8 to 11.0 mmol/L.
• •Based on recommendation of American Diabetes Association.
• •3. Dyslipidemia:
• •For subjects (9 ≤ age ≤ 18 years) :
• •Triglycerides of ≥1.70 mmol/L or total cholesterol of ≥5.18 mmol/L or lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ≥3.37 mmol/L or highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol of ≤1.04 mmol/L. Based on recommendation in Chinese children and adolescents.
• •For subjects ( 19 ≤ age ≤ 30 years) :
• •Triglycerides of ≥1.7 mmol/L or total cholesterol of ≥5.2 mmol/L or lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol ≥3.4 mmol/L or highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol of ≤1.0 mmol/L. Based on guideline for the management of dyslipidemia in Chinese adults.
• •4. Elevated blood pressure:
• •For subjects (9 ≤ age ≤ 18 years) :
• •Blood pressure higher than the 90th percentile of blood pressure age and gender-specific reference standards for Chinese children and adolescents, or blood pressure \>120/80 mmHg.
• •For subjects ( 19 ≤ age ≤ 30 years) :
• •Systolic blood pressure≥120 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mmHg. Based on Chinese guidelines for the management of hypertension.