Smoking Cessation Intervention for Women Living With HIV

Women are at high risk of becoming HIV positive due to biological vulnerabilities, low socioeconomic status, dominant sexual practices of males and epidemiological factors. For example, the risk of being infected with HIV during unprotected sex is two to four times greater for women than for men. With the use of combined antiretroviral therapies, these women now live longer than ever before which now faces the healthcare community with the need for evolving understanding of HIV and aging. However, the burden of non-AIDS related health problems such as cardiovascular diseases and cancers on people living with HIV/AIDS while aging has considerably increased. Smoking is one of the major contributing factors to these health problems. Rates of current cigarette smoking are substantially higher among people living with HIV/AIDS than the general population: 40-75% versus 19%. Women smokers living with HIV have a 36% higher risk for developing AIDS and 53% higher mortality when compared to non-smoking women with HIV. This study is a pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) testing the feasibility and acceptability of a videoconferencing smoking cessation intervention (video arm) for women with HIV in comparison with a telephone-based smoking cessation intervention (telephone arm). Both arms will receive 8, 30-minute weekly cessation counseling sessions plus 8-week nicotine replacement therapy. Participants will be followed up at 1, 3 and 6 months from the target quit day. Self-reported abstinence will be verified with a saliva cotinine test using an Nicotine Alert test strip and the testing process will be monitored via mobile-phone video call.