Effects of Exercise Training Intensity on Fitness and Insulin Sensitivity in African Americans

Exclusion Criteria

• •willingness to accept group assignment from randomization
• •No resistance training and no structured aerobic exercise for \> 20 minutes per day, 3+ days per week, for the last 6 months
• •conditions that are contraindicated for exercise training
• •Resting blood pressure \> 180 mm Hg systolic and/or \>100 mm Hg diastolic; individuals on blood pressure medications meeting the blood pressure criteria are eligible
• •Diagnosis of type 1 or 2 diabetes, and/or fasting glucose \>125 mg/dL
• •Medication for the treatment of type 1 or type 2 diabetes
• •Bariatric surgery including gastric banding or bypass (potential effects on energy intake)
• •Factors that may limit adherence to intervention or affect conduct of the trial
• •Unable or unwilling to communicate with staff
• •Failure to complete run-in or baseline testing
• •Hospitalization for depression or severe mental illness in the last 6 months
• •Not physically capable of performing the exercise required of the study protocol
• •Consuming more than 14 alcoholic beverages per week
• •Plan to be away from the Pitt County area more than 3 weeks in the next 3 months
• •Lack support from a primary health care provider or family members
• •Significant weight loss in the past year (\> 20 pounds) or are currently using weight loss medications.
• •Current diagnosis of schizophrenia, other psychotic disorders, or bipolar disorder
• •Another member of the household who is currently a participant or staff member of this study
• •Other temporary intervening event, such as sick spouse, or bereavement
• •Other medical, psychiatric, or behavioral limitations that may interfere with study participation or the ability to follow the intervention protocol
• •Underlying diseases or conditions likely to limit lifespan and/or affect the safety of the intervention
• •Cancer requiring treatment in the past 5 years with anything but excellent prognosis
• •Self-reported HIV, tuberculosis, Hepatitis B, or Hepatitis C
• •History or evidence of serious arrhythmias, cardiomyopathy, congestive heart failure, aortic aneurism, myocardial infarction or heart transplantation
• •Renal disease: urine protein \> 100 mg/dl, serum creatinine ≥ 1.5 mg/dl or currently receiving dialysis.
• •Auto-immune diseases (such as Lupus, Multiple Sclerosis, Graves' disease, or Rheumatoid arthritis)
• •Chronic obstructive lung disease, peripheral vascular disease or angina that limits ability to follow exercise protocol
• •History of stroke or transient ischemic attack
• •History of vascular aneurysms
• •History of bleeding disorders
• •Pregnancy or plans to become pregnant
• •Dieting or plans to diet, or in a weight loss program
• •Any other medical condition or disease that is life threatening or that can interfere with or be aggravated by exercise.