Community Healthcare for Asthma Management and Prevention of Symptoms

In this study, investigators combined childhood asthma counseling and environmental interventions proven effective in previous NIH-funded clinical trials, the National Cooperative Inner-City Asthma Study (NCICAS) and the Inner-City Asthma Study (ICAS), and a third study, Head-off Environmental Asthma in Louisiana (HEAL). These studies demonstrated that participant-tailored interventions reduce asthma morbidity. Through a process of consensus building, investigators adapted a hybrid of these interventions for use in primary care clinics located in medically underserved areas (FQHCs). Investigators recruited participants ages 5-12 years with poorly controlled, moderate-to-severe asthma to ensure comparability with previous studies. Unlike the earlier clinical trials, which limited eligibility to inner-city children in stable housing, CHAMPS enrolled participants regardless of housing situation (e.g., temporary/shared homes) and location (e.g., urban/rural). Investigators collaborated with 3 FQHCs in Arizona, Michigan, and Porto Rico to enroll children and implement the CHAMPS intervention but otherwise granted them discretion to make decisions about staffing, patient flow and other process determinations, while tracking what those entailed. Investigators also invited 3 additional FQHCs to recruit and enroll children in a comparison group that did not receive the intervention. The primary aim is to identify and understand barriers and solutions to the adaptation of an evidence-based asthma intervention at the system-level. The evaluation consists of determining how a system makes room for an intervention, identifying stakeholders to make it happen, documenting the process for replication, and monitoring processes and outcomes to ensure the integrity of the intervention remains intact. The process of implementation in the unique clinical settings presented by health centers will be described, including the facilitators and the barriers to the systematic adoption of an evidence-based childhood asthma intervention into routine practice. Of particular importance are those determinants related to in-home and community-based environmental risks, the limits of understanding on the part of parents and caretakers, and community-wide policies and practices that may create health risks. The secondary aim is to assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of the evidence-based asthma intervention as implemented in health centers. The third and final aim is to develop a dissemination strategy and some tools for further take up of the intervention.