Lead Sponsor

Massachusetts General Hospital

Age

18 - 65 years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

•Ages 18-65
•A HAM-D-17 score of \>= 14
•Partial or nonresponse to a standard antidepressant (monotherapy or combination) at an adequate dose over the past 8 or more weeks (natural agents such as omega-3 fatty acids, St John's wort, SAMe, and folic acid, were allowed as antidepressants)
•Concurrent psychotherapy was allowed, provided that it was not initiated within the 3 months prior to study entry.

•A primary diagnosis other than major depressive disorder, or any history of psychosis or mania
•Conditions that could make it difficult to conclusively determine that depressive symptoms were the result of major depression and not some other condition, including any form of substance abuse or dependence within the last 6 months, other medical conditions that could be the basis of a depression (including epilepsy, history of an abnormal EEG, severe head trauma, or stroke)
•Serious uncontrolled medical conditions (e.g. poorly controlled diabetes, severe congestive heart failure), or other medical conditions that had not been stable for at least 3 months
•Having had electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) during the past year
•Current active suicidal or self-injurious potential necessitating immediate treatment.