The purpose of this study is to generate a cohort of well-characterized asthmatic subjects as a resource for recruitment of asthmatic subjects and healthy controls in clinical studies and clinical trials in the UCSF Airway Clinical Research Center. The UCSF Airway Clinical Research Center (ACRC) conducts multiple clinical research studies in asthma funded by the NIH, foundations, and industry. We have a broad range of research interests, but we have specific interests in mechanism-oriented clinical studies and specific expertise in biospecimen collection, biobanking, and biospecimen analysis. Our model is to have multiple studies recruiting simultaneously, and this means that we need well-organized recruitment and database systems.
Additionally, we aim to characterize asthmatic subjects in multiple domains, including disease severity, airway inflammation subtypes, and mucus subtypes. Asthma is a heterogeneous disease in its clinical presentation and in its underlying cellular and molecular phenotypes. To explore cellular and molecular phenotypes of asthma, we will analyze induced sputum for cell types and gene expression, with a focus on Th2 inflammation pathways and innate and adaptive immune cells that drive Th2 inflammation. Detailed cellular analysis of sputum is possible but requires that multiple sputum samples be collected for processing in multiple different ways, including by cytocentrifugation, FACS analysis, and by formalin fixation and paraffin embedding of sputum cell pellets. We are also studying mucus phenotypes of asthma using methods of rheology, which needs to be done on fresh sputum.
