Assessment of Bone Micro-Architecture Using HR-pQCT

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Inability to tolerate CT scans
• •2. Use of medications known to impact bone and mineral metabolism:
• •* use of a bisphosphonate or teriparatide in the last year or for \>12 months ever;
• •* current calcitonin;
• •* prednisone \>5 mg daily or the equivalent glucocorticoid for \>10 days in the last 3 months;
• •* current testosterone therapy;
• •* current thiazolidinedione (TZD);
• •* current androgen deprivation therapy;
• •* current use of an antiepileptic agent that alters hepatic vitamin D clearance;
• •* use of thyroid hormone replacement with current thyroid stimulating hormone \<0.1 mIU/L
• •3. Disease known to affect bone (e.g., primary hyperparathyroidism, Pagets disease, clinically significant liver disease)
• •4. Illicit drug use or alcohol use \>3 drinks/day
• •5. Serum calcium \>10.2 mg/dL or calculated creatinine clearance \<30 mL/min
• •6. Weight \>350 pounds (the maximum weight limit of the DXA)
• •7. Hardware in the lumbar spine
• •8. History of bilateral hip replacement, or bilateral wrist or ankle fracture