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NCT07532733
Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is now the standard procedure for elderly patients with severe aortic stenosis. This patient group is characterised by increased frailty, multiple comorbidities and limited physiological reserve, exposing them to an increased risk of intraoperative complications. The majority of TAVI procedures are now performed under conscious sedation, in order to limit the risks associated with general anaesthesia and to promote a faster recovery. However, this strategy carries a risk of intraoperative respiratory events, notably bradypnoea, oxygen desaturation and airway obstruction, particularly in elderly patients with comorbidities. The anaesthetic strategy, and in particular the type of sedation used, is likely to influence intraoperative respiratory and haemodynamic tolerance. Traditionally used agents, such as propofol combined with opioids, can induce dose-dependent respiratory depression. Conversely, dexmedetomidine, an α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, has a distinct pharmacological profile, characterised by sedation with a theoretically limited respiratory impact. However, comparative data regarding the impact of different sedation strategies on intraoperative respiratory tolerance during TAVI remain limited, justifying the conduct of this study. Dexmedetomidine is a selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, used in anaesthesia and intensive care for its sedative and anxiolytic properties. It induces what is known as 'cooperative' sedation, characterised by the maintenance of relative alertness, the possibility of interacting with the patient and, above all, a limited impact on spontaneous breathing. Physiologically, dexmedetomidine differs from conventional sedatives, such as propofol and opioids, in causing less respiratory depression, making it a particularly attractive option for conscious sedation. This property is essential in elderly and comorbid patients, particularly during procedures such as TAVI, where maintaining spontaneous ventilation is a major concern. Several clinical studies, particularly in procedural sedation and interventional cardiology, suggest that the use of dexmedetomidine is associated with better respiratory tolerance, with a reduction in episodes of desaturation, bradypnoea and the need for airway interventions, compared with strategies based on propofol and opioids. However, data specific to the context of TAVI under conscious sedation remain limited, particularly regarding the prospective and standardised assessment of intraoperative respiratory events. This study therefore aims to address this knowledge gap by assessing the effect of dexmedetomidine, compared with standard sedation using propofol-remifentanil, on intraoperative respiratory tolerance in patients undergoing TAVI under conscious sedation.
NCT07317804
Aortic stenosis (AS) is a common valvular heart disease whose prevalence increases markedly with age-approximately 2-4% in individuals aged 65 years and older, and up to 3.4% for severe AS in those over 75. Degenerative calcific AS predominates in high-income countries, whereas rheumatic disease remains a major cause in low-income regions. With global population aging, the disease burden of AS continues to rise. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR/TAVI), owing to its minimally invasive nature, has become an important treatment option for severe AS and selected aortic regurgitation patients, expanding from high-surgical-risk populations to those at intermediate and low risk. In recent years, the number of TAVR procedures in many regions has surpassed or approached that of surgical aortic valve replacement, and major clinical guidelines have elevated TAVR to a recommended standard therapy. Conventional TAVR relies on combined fluoroscopic and echocardiographic guidance. However, perioperative complications remain frequent in elderly and high-risk patients, particularly acute kidney injury (AKI), which significantly increases short- and long-term mortality. Contrast exposure during the procedure is a major contributor to AKI; thus, clinical practice increasingly favors strategies that minimize contrast use, such as low-dose and low-kV imaging. Elevated contrast concentration in the renal tubules increases viscosity, prolongs renal exposure, and can lead to tubular injury and renal dysfunction. Continuous radiation exposure during vascular access, device positioning, valve deployment, and post-release assessment also poses safety concerns for both patients and medical staff. Echocardiography-only guidance for TAVR has therefore emerged as an attractive alternative, with the potential to replace fluoroscopy and contrast for anatomical visualization and device positioning, thereby reducing radiation exposure and contrast-related kidney injury. However, no prospective randomized study has directly compared echocardiography-only guidance with conventional fluoroscopy-plus-echocardiography guidance, and current evidence remains preliminary. To address this gap, a randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate whether echocardiography-only guidance is non-inferior to combined fluoroscopic and echocardiographic guidance in terms of device success, while also assessing the safety, efficacy, and clinical feasibility of both approaches.
NCT07366671
The goal of this observational study is to document which LV-guidewires are used during a TAVI (Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation) procedure and how their different functions perform. A TAVI procedure is a minimally invasive treatment for aortic stenosis, where a new heart valve is inserted through a blood vessel in the groin. During this procedure, a wire (specifically, an LV-guidewire) is used to place the new heart valve. For this purpose, a regular LV-guidewire or a newer LV-guidewire with extra features, the Savvywire, can be used. All of these wires work well, are safe, and are already used in daily medical practice. Researchers will compare these LV-guidewires to see if the Savvywire adds additional value. Patients aged 50 or older who undergo a TAVI procedure via the femoral artery (blood vessel in the groin) can participate. Participants will receive the usual care and standard follow-up, only their data will be collected and analyzed.
NCT07152574
The TAVIPILOT tele-operated robot by Caranx Medical is an advanced intraoperative robotic assistance system designed to enhance the precision of transcatheter aortic valve positioning during TAVR. The system integrates with standard procedural workflows and enables remote manipulation of delivery system components, allowing for controlled, stable, and reproducible movements. TAVIPILOT facilitates accurate valve alignment and deployment, reducing operator variability. The robot is compatible with approved balloon-expandable transcatheter heart valves (Sapien 3 and Ultra, Edwards Lifesciences, USA) and standard catheterization lab infrastructure.
NCT07100340
The TAVIPILOT Software by Caranx Medical is an advanced intraoperative assistance tool designed to enhance the accuracy of transcatheter aortic valve positioning during TAVI. It works alongside conventional fluoroscopy, using real-time image analysis to provide precise anatomical landmarks. TAVIPILOT Software detects key anatomical structures, tracks valve positioning, and uses AI-based confidence indicators to assist in alignment. The software is compatible with approved C-arm imaging systems and specific catheter models. The objective is to assess the feasibility and safety of the TAVIPILOT Software augmented reality guidance software during TAVI procedures, aiming to improve valve positioning precision and, implicitly and to reduce implantation depth variations.