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NCT06922916
This study analyzes patients who underwent lung transplantation at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University from 2017 to 2024, focusing on anesthesia's impact on post-op results. It gathers patient data from hospital and Mediston systems, with main focus on in-hospital complications and secondary focus on ICU stay, post-op hospitalization, mortality, and intubation time. The research aims to deepen understanding of anesthetic management's role in lung transplant outcomes and guide improvements in perioperative anesthesia protocols.
NCT06090370
Inhaling respirable silica increases the risk for silicosis, an incurable and debilitating lung disease. In South Asia, one high-risk industry is brick manufacturing, where more than 4 million manual laborers mold bricks by hand. In Nepal, brick manufacturing employs over 200,000 workers across 1,200 registered brick kilns. These workers are exposed to respirable silica concentrations 1.4 to 6.6 times higher than the limits set by the U.S. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Preventing silicosis is paramount, as the average brick kiln worker cannot afford medical care and only 6.8% receive regular health checks. Few studies have evaluated interventions in brick kiln workers to reduce silica exposure and prevent silicosis. One promising intervention involves providing workers who are exposed to silica above the permissible exposure limit with personal protective equipment (PPE), specifically respirators. When properly used, respirators decrease silica inhalation and the risk of silicosis. Brick kiln workers in Nepal do not use any PPE. Several studies have explored PPE barriers and have evaluated the feasibility of implementing PPE but to date none have been conducted in Nepali brick kiln workers. To close this gap, the goal of this research is a human-centered design approach to develop and pilot a PPE training program in one brick kiln in Nepal guided by the Discover, Design, Build, and Test (DDBT) framework. This research is necessary to understand the Nepali context and to efficiently develop appropriate and feasible PPE intervention components that will be trialed in future research.
NCT06403800
Artisanal, small-scale mining (ASM) is a large and essential component of the world's economy. Despite attendant risks, there is little research into risks to the health of artisanal miners. The tanzanite gemstone is mined exclusively in Northern Tanzania, in deep shafts using ASM techniques. There is concerning evidence that the burden of silicosis and tuberculosis (TB) amongst miners is high. In addition to miners' personal risks, there is concern that a high rate of silicotuberculosis may hamper community control of TB. Our primary aim is to measure the rate of silicosis progression among tanzanite miners. Our secondary aims include measuring the prevalence of TB among miners, describing TB transmission patterns in miners and the community, and assessing rates of 'catastrophic' economic loss amongst miners. To do this, the investigators propose two studies. First, the investigators will establish a prospective cohort of 410 small scale tanzanite miners and record symptoms, respiratory function including spirometry, chest radiography, and prevalence of TB and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection over an 18-month period. Second, the investigators will utilize an ongoing community-based TB screening program to perform a cross-sectional survey of TB prevalence among miners and community members. To assess TB transmission, the investigators will collect epidemiological data and perform whole genome sequencing (WGS) on positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) culture samples. Given the lack of research and large global ASM workforce, 1 million of whom are in Tanzania, the results of this study will assist in the development and introduction of interventions to reduce the risks to respiratory health of artisanal mining in Tanzania and elsewhere; and provide ample scope for future work.
NCT06011785
This clinical study aims to address a research and clinical treatment gap related to individuals with symptoms of Silicosis resulting from quartzite mining work. Silicosis represents a challenge in this specific population in Sao Thome das Letras, Minas Gerais. Silicosis is a severe disease and is considered incurable. Current conventional medicine only offers palliative care for those with Silicosis, highlighting the important and urgent need for research into complementary care approaches.
NCT05546944
An observational cohort study to derive biomarkers which are able to more accurately diagnose silicosis, as well as predict disease progression, assess response to treatment, and hasten therapeutic discovery.
NCT03900858
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the most important infectious disease in the world. Preventive treatment plays an important role in successful control of TB. The investigators' previous study showed a 3-month weekly rifapentine and isoniazid regimen had a high protective efficacy but an unsatisfactory completion rate. Therefore, the investigators suppose that a one-month (12-dose) regimen of rifapentine and isoniazid (1RPT/INH) to be equivalent to a 3-month weekly rifapentine and isoniazid regimen with similar efficacy and higher completion rate. Relevant study is lacking in China where the TB burden is high with the incidence rate of 70/100, 000. Silicosis is a risk factor of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. This is an open-label, non-randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the 1RPT/INH to prevent tuberculosis (TB) compared with those who do not receive preventive treatment among silicotic patients.
NCT01338064
Silicosis is well-known occupational disease caused by free crystalline silica (silicon dioxide) and is marked by inflammation and pulmonary fibrosis. There are cumulative evidences that exposure to Caesar stone (quartz surface products that manufactured from up to 93% quartz, polymer resins and pigments) is particularly dangerous to exposed workers. Goals: To examine marble workers exposed to Caesar Stone in order to propose a working plan of surveillance and prevention by biological monitoring.