Confirmed diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD);
Scheduled for elective sedated gastroenteroscopy (gastroscopy, colonoscopy, or combined gastroscopy and colonoscopy);
Expected procedure duration ≤45 minutes;
Provision of written informed consent by the participant.
You may not be if
Patients with absolute contraindications to high-flow therapy, including but not limited to confirmed diagnosis of complete upper airway obstruction, basilar skull fracture or nasal bone fracture, pneumothorax, or pneumomediastinum.;
American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) Physical Status class ≥ IV;
Requirement for planned endotracheal intubation;
Existing tracheostomy;
Confirmed pregnancy or currently breastfeeding;
Known allergy to sedative agents such as propofol;
Current participation in another interventional clinical trial;
Any other condition deemed by the investigator to make the patient unsuitable for trial participation.
