Age

18–80

Sex

ALL

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

Adults aged 18 to 80 years.
Diagnosis of multiple sclerosis with an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score between 1.0 and 7.0.
Presence of pain.
Ability to provide written informed consent.

Severe cognitive impairment.
Diagnosed psychiatric disorders (e.g., schizophrenia or personality disorders).
Participation in another non-pharmacological intervention specifically aimed at pain management.
If receiving stable pain medication, treatment must have been maintained for at least 4 months before enrollment.
Unwillingness to provide informed consent.

Effectiveness of a Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Pain Management in Patients With Multiple Sclerosis (MPIMS).