Palliative Care Integration in Pediatric Oncology Phase 1 Clinical Trials

The proposed single-arm pilot study will use a prospective, longitudinal design conducted across three urban, tertiary care hospitals offering pediatric oncology phase 1 clinical trials (Phoenix Children's, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, and the National Institutes of Health). These centers were chosen for their geographical diversity and variability in infrastructure and PPC resources to allow for generalizability of findings. Aim 1: To assess the feasibility of integrating PPC consultation during eligibility screening for pediatric oncology patients enrolling in a phase 1 clinical trial. Measures: Feasibility of the intervention (PPC consultation) will be assessed using the Feasibility of Intervention Measure (FIM), a high quality, 4-item implementation indicator, to be completed by caregivers of pediatric oncology patients (with or without patient, if patient aged ≥12 years) enrolling in phase 1 clinical trials and their respective oncologists. Additional measures will assess recruitment (total patients/caregivers screened, percent of patients/caregivers eligible to participate in the study, percent of patients/caregivers who assent/consent to study participation), and adherence (the proportion of study assessments completed, and the length of time required to complete study assessments). Hypothesis: Integration of a PPC consultation at eligibility screening for pediatric oncology patients enrolling in a phase 1 clinical trial will be feasible, meeting the following targets: mean FIM score of ≥ 3 (coded 1-5) for \> 50% of caregivers and oncology providers; enrollment: ≥ 70% of eligible patients/caregivers will assent/consent; adherence: ≥ 75% of enrolled participants will complete all PPC study assessments as planned. These target estimates are extrapolated from our preliminary work with this patient population. Aim 2: To evaluate the acceptability of a PPC consultation with oncologists and caregivers of pediatric patients with cancer during phase 1 clinical trial enrollment. Measures: Acceptability of the intervention, (PPC consultation) will be assessed using the Acceptability of Intervention Measure (AIM), a 4-item tool administered to caregivers of patients enrolled in phase 1 clinical trials (+/- patients if ≥ 12 years) and their respective oncologists. Additional measures will assess attrition (the proportion of enrolled patients lost to follow-up/withdrawal). Hypothesis: Integration of a PPC consultation at eligibility screening for pediatric oncology patients enrolling in a phase 1 clinical trial will be acceptable, with a mean AIM score of ≥ 3 (coded 1-5) for \> 70% of caregivers and oncology providers. Aim 3: To assess patient/caregiver perceptions of the impact of a PPC consultation on quality of life and facilitators/barriers to PPC consultation integration into the standard of care for pediatric patients with cancer enrolling on phase 1 clinical trials. Methods: Investigators will conduct semi-structured qualitative interviews with caregivers (+/- patients if ≥ 12 years) enrolled in phase 1 clinical trials following the completion of a PPC consult by asking: What was the impact of a PPC consultation at the time of enrollment in a phase 1 clinical trial on the quality of life of the participant? These interviews will also explore barriers and facilitators to PPC consultation at this timepoint. Investigators will thematically analyze the audio-recorded interviews. Investigators will also administer the PROMIS-Pediatric Profile-2510, a validated tool for caregivers, children, and adolescents (≥ 8 years), to assess the potential impact of the intervention on health-related quality of life. Aim 4: To explore Oncologist perspectives on effective peer communication strategies for encouraging PPC involvement in Phase 1 Oncology trials, at study completion, we will invite oncologists who participated in the study to participate in an optional one time 15-minute semi structured recorded interview.