: 60 patients, mostly sedentary, aged 36-58 years, were diagnosed with stages 3 and 4 chronic kidney disease (eGFR 25 to 60 ml/min/1.73 m²) with concomitant type 2 diabetes and indicated body mass indexes (BMI) between 30 to 35 kg/m². The subjects were randomly assigned to two unique groups: Intervention group (Group A): Participants completed supervised aerobic treadmill exercises while sticking to a calorie-limited diet (1200 kcal/day) throughout a 12-week period. Control group (Group B): Participants received standard nephrology care without any alterations in lifestyle. In the initial phases, there was a detailed analysis of biomarkers which was later confirmed in a review conducted at the 12-week mark focusing on TNF-α, IL-6, sCRP, CD, MDA, GSH, GPx, and SOD.
