Age

18–any

Sex

ALL

Healthy volunteers

Not accepted

Adult patients aged ≥18 years
Confirmed diagnosis of Ulcerative Colitis based on clinical, endoscopic, and histopathological criteria
Active disease (Mayo Endoscopic Score 2-3, Clinical Activity Index ≥4) OR remission (Mayo Endoscopic Score 0-1, Clinical Activity Index ≤3)
Willing and able to provide written informed consent

Patients with other types of colitis (e.g., Crohn's disease, infectious colitis, ischemic colitis)
History of colectomy
Current smokers
Chronic lung disease
Malignancy
Use of laxatives or NSAIDs within 2 weeks prior to enrollment
Chronic kidney disease
Pregnancy or lactation
Active infection

Urinary PGE-MUM as a Marker for Ulcerative Colitis Activity