Effect of High-Flow Nasal Cannula Oxygen Therapy on Hypoxemia in Pediatric Sedated Bronchoscopy

Exclusion Criteria

• •preoperative SpO₂ \< 95% on room air,
• •Already sedated and tracheally intubated,
• •Known history of pneumothorax, known congenital or acquired upper airway abnormalities (e.g., nasopharyngeal structural anomalies), or history of difficult airway,
• •Coagulation disorders or predisposition to oral/nasal bleeding, mucosal injury, or space-occupying lesions,
• •Severe cardiac insufficiency (\< 4 METs), severe renal insufficiency (requiring dialysis), diagnosed severe hepatic insufficiency, Increased intracranial pressure, or ASA classification ≥ IV,
• •Allergy to propofol or sufentanil,
• •Multiple traumatic injuries,
• •Current participation in another clinical trial,
• •Other conditions deemed unsuitable by the investigator.