Patients with early colorectal cancer confirmed by histopathology;
Patients who underwent endoscopic resection (including EMR, ESD, or equivalent techniques);
Pathological diagnosis indicating non-curative resection, defined by the presence of at least one of the following: positive resection margin, submucosal invasion depth \>1000 μm, poor differentiation, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, or high-grade tumor budding;
Availability of complete clinicopathological and follow-up data;
Patients managed with either additional surgery or surveillance after endoscopic resection.
You may not be if
Patients with synchronous advanced colorectal cancer or distant metastasis at baseline;
History of other active malignancies;
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease, familial adenomatous polyposis, or other hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes;
Patients who received neoadjuvant therapy before endoscopic resection;
Incomplete pathological data or missing key variables;
Loss to follow-up or follow-up duration less than 6 months.
Clareo Health | Clinical Outcomes After Non-curative Endoscopic Resection in Early Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Study
