Extended Emergence Strategy on Post-Anesthesia Care Unit Events After Outpatient Orthopedic Surgery

Exclusion Criteria

• •ASA physical status IV or V
• •Chronic opioid therapy
• •Chronic benzodiazepine use or ongoing treatment with strongly anticholinergic medications within 30 days prior to surgery.
• •Known major neuro-cognitive disorder, active psychotic disorder, or other severe psychiatric condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, would interfere with valid cognitive testing.
• •Severe uncorrected visual or hearing impairment that precludes valid cognitive battery or interview completion.
• •Inability to speak and understand the study language sufficiently to provide informed consent and complete study assessments.
• •Inability to provide informed consent or lack of a legally authorized representative when required.
• •Concurrent participation in another interventional study that could confound PACU cognitive or delirium outcomes.