A Study of VARIPULSE Pulsed Field Ablation (PFA) Catheter and FARAWAVE PFA Catheter in the Treatment of Participants With Persistent Atrial Fibrillation

Participant has continuous AF \> 365 days (longstanding persistent AF)

Participant has AF secondary to electrolyte imbalance, thyroid disease, or reversible or non-cardiac cause (for example, untreated documented obstructive sleep apnea, acute alcohol toxicity, etc.)

Participant has had previous surgical or catheter ablation for AF

Participant is known to require ablation outside the left atrium (LA), superior vena cava (SVC), and the cavotricuspid isthmus (CTI) region (for example, atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia, atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia and Wolff-Parkinson-White)

Participant has severe dilatation of the LA (LAD \> 50 millimeters \[mm\]) of the antero-posterior diameter confirmed by imaging performed within 180 days prior to enrollment

Participant has LA thrombus confirmed by imaging within 48 hours prior to the procedure

Participant has severely compromised Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF less than \[\<\] 40%) confirmed by imaging performed within 180 days prior to enrollment

Participant has uncontrolled heart failure or New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III or IV

Participant has a history of blood clotting, bleeding abnormalities or contraindication to anticoagulation (for example, heparin)

Participant has had a thromboembolic event (including TIA) within the past 180 days prior to enrollment

Participant has had a percutaneous coronary intervention or acute MI within past 60 days prior to enrollment

Participant has had coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery within the past 180 days prior to enrollment

Participant has had valvular cardiac surgical/percutaneous procedure (for example, ventriculotomy, atriotomy, valve repair or replacement and presence of a prosthetic valve)

Participant has unstable angina within past 6 months prior to enrollment

Participant has anticipated cardiac transplantation, cardiac surgery, or other major surgery within the next 365 days post-procedure

Participant has significant pulmonary disease (for example, restrictive pulmonary disease, constrictive or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) or any other disease or malfunction of the lungs or respiratory system that produces severe chronic symptoms

Participant has a significant congenital anomaly (for example, atrial septal defects \[ASDs\]) including repaired defects or medical problems that in the opinion of the Investigator would preclude enrollment in this study

Participant has an existing diagnosis of pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS)

Participant has a pre-existing hemi-diaphragmatic paralysis

Participant has an acute illness, active systemic infection, or sepsis

Participant has an intracardiac thrombus, myxoma, tumor, interatrial baffle or patch or other abnormality that precludes catheter introduction or manipulation

Participant has severe mitral regurgitation (regurgitant volume greater than or equal to \[\>=\] 60 milliliters \[mL\]/beat, regurgitant fraction \>= 50 percent \[%\], and/or effective regurgitant orifice area \>= 0.40 square centimeter \[cm\^2\])

Participant has an implanted metal cardiac device, including MitraClip and left atrial appendage occlusion (LAAO) devices (for example, WATCHMAN, Amulet, etcetra.) and/or a double-coiled implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICD), (this exclusion does not include coronary stents, implanted pacemakers, single-coiled ICD and implantable loop recorders \[ILR\])

Participant has a condition that precludes vascular access (such as inferior vena cava \[IVC\] filter)

Participant is currently enrolled in an investigational study evaluating another device or drug

Participant is pregnant, lactating, or is of child-bearing potential and plans on trying to become pregnant during the course of the clinical investigation

Participant has a life expectancy less than 365 days

For magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) subset:

Contraindication to use of contrast agents for MRI such as advanced renal disease etcetera

Presence of iron-containing metal fragments in the body that renders the participant contraindicated for an MRI

Unresolved pre-existing neurological deficit

What this study is about