SCS Therapy for Patients With Bladder and Bowel Dysfunction After SCI

Exclusion Criteria

• •Mental Disorders Patients with obvious mental illnesses (such as anxiety, depression, etc.) who are unable to complete relevant subjective scoring.
• •Mental and Cognitive Impairments Patients with mental or cognitive disorders who are unable to cooperate with surgeries, undergo programming procedures, or complete follow - up.
• •Autonomic Reflex Disorders Patients with severe autonomic reflex disorders.
• •Inability in Surgical and Follow - up Processes Patients who are unable to undergo spinal cord stimulation surgery or cooperate with follow - up.
• •Spinal Abnormalities Patients accompanied by progressive spinal instability or severe spinal deformities.
• •Life Expectancy Patients with an expected lifespan of less than one year.
• •Laboratory Abnormalities and Surgical Tolerance Patients with abnormal blood routine, blood biochemistry, etc., and are clinically judged to be unable to tolerate surgery, such as those with coagulation disorders, abnormal liver and kidney function.
• •Cardiovascular and Respiratory Diseases Patients with uncontrolled hypertension, severe heart diseases, or severe internal medicine and respiratory system diseases, or those who have regularly taken medications related to hypertension and heart diseases within the recent three months.
• •Renal Disorders Patients with severe hydronephrosis or renal function disorders.
• •Urogenital Function Disorders before Spinal Cord Injury Patients with pre - existing urethral sphincter or bladder dysfunction before spinal cord injury.
• •History of Pelvic Surgery and Radiotherapy Patients with a history of pelvic radiotherapy, bladder cancer, or other bladder surgeries that affect the basic bladder physiology.
• •Other Inappropriate Cases Patients considered inappropriate by the researchers.