Fiber-Enriched, Sodium-Controlled Enteral Formula for Glycemia and Blood Pressure in Tube-Fed Residents With Diabetes

This prospective single-arm interventional study was conducted in long-term care residents with diabetes receiving tube feeding. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Taipei Medical University (TMU-IRB-201504036). Participants received a standardized enteral nutrition formula enriched with dietary fiber and designed with controlled sodium content, providing approximately 1500 kcal/day as the sole nutritional source. The intervention lasted for 3 months, followed by a 1-month observation period. Clinical assessments were conducted at baseline (M0), post-intervention (M1), and follow-up (M2). Outcomes included glycemic parameters (blood glucose, HbA1c), blood pressure, nutritional biomarkers (albumin, total protein), lipid profile, liver and kidney function, hematological indices, electrolyte levels, and gastrointestinal tolerance. This study aims to explore whether targeted nutritional composition, including fiber enrichment and sodium control, can contribute to maintaining metabolic and cardiovascular stability in tube-fed residents with diabetes.