Periodontal Status and Cytokine Levels in Patients With Non-Infectious Uveitis

Non-infectious uveitis (NIU) is an immune-mediated inflammatory condition affecting the uveal tract of the eye and may be associated with systemic immune dysregulation. Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by destruction of the supporting tissues of the teeth and is known to contribute to systemic inflammatory burden through the release of cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. Both NIU and periodontal disease involve complex immune responses and cytokine networks. However, the potential relationship between periodontal inflammation and NIU remains unclear. The present cross-sectional study was designed to investigate possible associations between periodontal clinical status and systemic and local inflammatory cytokine profiles in patients with NIU. Participants included patients diagnosed with non-infectious uveitis and systemically healthy control individuals. Periodontal examinations were performed and biological samples including gingival crevicular fluid, saliva, and serum were collected. Levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-17 were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The objective of this study was to compare periodontal parameters and cytokine levels between NIU patients and healthy controls in order to evaluate whether periodontal inflammatory burden is associated with systemic immune alterations in individuals with non-infectious uveitis.