Robotic-Assisted Pedicle Screw Placement in Spine Surgery

This prospective multicenter observational cohort study evaluates robotic-assisted pedicle screw placement compared with non-robotic-assisted techniques in spinal surgery. Primary objectives include screw placement accuracy, operative learning curve, and reoperation rate within 2 years.

Pedicle screw fixation is widely used in spinal surgery. Screw misplacement may cause complications and reoperations. Robotic-assisted systems aim to improve accuracy and workflow; however, high-quality real-world evidence regarding long-term clinical outcomes and cost-effectiveness remains limited. This nationwide cohort study includes consecutive patients undergoing spinal surgery with pedicle screws. Exposure is robotic-assisted versus non-robotic-assisted (navigation-assisted or freehand) screw placement. Data capture is made from registries, radiographs and hospital data. Follow-up is up to 2 years for the primary outcomes and up to 5 years for the secondary outcomes.