Effect of Magnetotherapy Combined With Cold Application and Exercise in Patients With Lateral Epicondylitis

Lateral epicondylitis, commonly known as tennis elbow, is a frequently encountered musculoskeletal disorder characterized by pain and tenderness over the lateral epicondyle of the elbow. It is typically associated with repetitive wrist extension and gripping activities and primarily involves tendinopathy of the extensor carpi radialis brevis tendon. The condition most commonly affects individuals between 30 and 55 years of age and may lead to decreased grip strength, impaired upper extremity function, and reduced quality of life. Conservative management remains the first-line treatment and includes activity modification, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, physical therapy modalities, and therapeutic exercise. Eccentric strengthening of the wrist extensors is considered a cornerstone of rehabilitation. Various physical therapy modalities such as ultrasound, iontophoresis, extracorporeal shock wave therapy, laser therapy, kinesiotaping, and acupuncture have been studied with varying levels of evidence. Magnetotherapy (pulsed electromagnetic field therapy - PEMF) is a noninvasive modality that exerts biological effects at the cellular level. It has been reported to influence membrane ion transport, stimulate cellular metabolism, promote tissue regeneration, and demonstrate anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Although magnetotherapy has been investigated in several musculoskeletal conditions, evidence regarding its effectiveness in lateral epicondylitis remains limited, particularly in randomized double-blind controlled trials. This study aims to evaluate whether adding magnetotherapy to a standard rehabilitation program provides additional benefit in reducing pain and improving function in patients with lateral epicondylitis.