Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Adjuvant Therapy in Group E COPD Patients

Exclusion Criteria

• •Current smoker or stopped smoking less than 6 months prior to screening.
• •Acute exacerbation of COPD within 2 weeks prior to enrollment.
• •Diagnosis of pulmonary diseases other than COPD, including tuberculosis, pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax, multiple bullae, asthma, interstitial lung disease, or lung cancer.
• •History of tuberculosis within the past 10 years.
• •Active infection (including HIV positive).
• •Malignancy of any type.
• •Severe cardiac disease, including congestive heart failure classified as NYHA class III or IV, significant arrhythmias, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathy, or congenital heart disease.
• •Severe hepatic dysfunction (SGOT, SGPT, or bilirubin levels \>2 times upper limit of normal).
• •Severe renal dysfunction (serum creatinine \>1.5 times upper limit of normal).
• •Pregnant or breastfeeding.
• •Comorbid conditions that may affect survival (e.g., advanced diabetes mellitus with HbA1c \>7%, recent myocardial infarction, unstable angina, liver cirrhosis, acute glomerulonephritis).
• •Leukopenia (white blood cell count \<4×10⁹/L) or agranulocytosis (white blood cell count \<1.5×10⁹/L or neutrophils \<0.5×10⁹/L).
• •History of psychiatric illness, epilepsy, or other central nervous system disorders.
• •History of alcohol or drug abuse.
• •Participation in another clinical trial within 3 months prior to enrollment.
• •Poor adherence to prior medical care or expected difficulty completing the study protocol.
• •Inability to perform spirometry maneuvers.
• •Life expectancy less than 6 months due to comorbid conditions.
• •Use of immunosuppressive therapy within 8 months prior to screening.