Lead Sponsor

Sara Llamas Velasco

Collaborators

Age

40 - 80 years

Sex

ALL

Healthy Volunteers

No

•Patients aged 40 to 80 years
•Clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease according to the UK Brain Bank criteria.
•Hoehn and Yahr stage 1 to 4
•Assessed in the ON-medication state (approximately 90 minutes after levodopa intake)
•Stable antiparkinsonian treatment for at least 4 weeks prior to study entry and maintained throughout the study period

•Parkinson's disease-related dementia, defined as a Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score \< 21
•Upper limb comorbidities unrelated to Parkinson's disease that could interfere ith exercise performance (e.g., arthritis, recent fractures, stroke sequelae, or peripheral neuropathy)
•Severe tremor or severe dyskinesias affecting the dominant hand, defined as:
•* a score ≥ 3 on UPDRS-III items 20 or 22, or
•* score ≥ 2 on UPDRS-IV item 33