Dietary Strategies for MASLD (Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease)

This is a three-arm, parallel-group, open-label randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate the effectiveness of three different nutritional interventions on non-invasive markers of liver damage, including radiological and biochemical assessments. Patients with MASLD were recruited from the Liver Unit of the Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino. At baseline, participants were randomly assigned to one of the following three groups: A) Low-carb Diet (LCHO: 35-40% carbohydrates, 30% protein, 30-35% fats.) B) Mediterranean Diet (MeD: 50-60% carbohydrates, 15% protein, 25-35% fats ) C) Control group: standard nutritional recommendations The following evaluations were performed both at baseline and after 6 months at the and of the study: 3-day food record; the Medi-Lite score; anthropometric measurements (weight, height, BMI, waist and neck circumferences, fat mass, fat-free mass by bioelectrical impedance); hand-grip strength; energy expenditure by indirect calorimetry; blood pressure measurement; blood sampling for metabolic variables and biomarkers of liver damage and liver disease measures (Cap, Stiffness and Fib-4).