Trauma-Focused Managing Cancer And Living Meaningfully (CALM-TF) for Newly Diagnosed and Recurrent Ovarian Cancer

This study examines whether a brief psychotherapy called Trauma-Focused Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully (CALM-TF) can help women with advanced ovarian cancer who are experiencing traumatic stress symptoms. Traumatic stress refers to the psychological impact of traumatic events, which in cancer care includes the diagnosis, progression, or recurrence of advanced disease. Research shows that up to 45% of patients with ovarian cancer experience clinically significant traumatic stress symptoms that meet diagnostic criteria for acute stress disorder. CALM-TF is a manualized psychotherapeutic intervention that builds on an established therapy called CALM (Managing Cancer and Living Meaningfully), which has previously been shown to reduce depression and improve communication with healthcare providers in patients with advanced cancer. CALM-TF incorporates trauma-focused components specifically designed to address traumatic stress symptoms that arise at the time of diagnosis or recurrence of ovarian cancer. The intervention consists of 3-6 individual therapy sessions delivered over 3-6 months, with each session lasting 45-60 minutes. Sessions can be conducted via secure video conferencing, telephone, or in-person based on participant preference. The therapy focuses on four interconnected content areas: symptom management and communication with healthcare providers; changes in self and relationships with close others; sense of meaning and purpose in life; and hopes and fears about the future and mortality, with trauma-focused components integrated throughout. This is a multi-site randomized controlled trial enrolling 300 women with newly diagnosed stage III or IV ovarian cancer or recurrent ovarian cancer (within six months of diagnosis or recurrence). Participants are randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive either CALM-TF plus usual care or usual care alone. Usual care includes regular conversations with medical teams and meetings with social workers regarding financial or practical issues, with access to specialized psychological support through referral. The study uses validated questionnaires to measure traumatic stress symptoms, depression, quality of life, death anxiety, and perceived benefit of care at three time points: baseline, 3 months, and 6 months after enrolment. The primary outcome is traumatic stress symptoms at 6 months measured by the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire-II (SASRQ-II), a 30-item instrument with scores ranging from 0-150, where scores above 40 indicate clinically significant symptoms. A subset of up to 30 participants will be invited to participate in qualitative interviews after completing their 6-month assessment to share their experiences with the intervention or usual care, explore factors that influenced their traumatic stress experience, and discuss how the therapy was integrated into their daily lives. The study also includes a health economic evaluation to assess the cost-effectiveness of CALM-TF compared to usual care over the 6-month period. The findings of this RCT will inform healthcare policy and clinical practice guidelines for comprehensive psychosocial care, with potential for CALM-TF to be integrated into standard care.