Research on a Machine Learning-Based Predictive Model for Difficult Intubation Using Specific Vocal Characteristics

Exclusion Criteria

• •Patients with speech and pronunciation disorders (vocal cord diseases, cleft palate, craniofacial deformities, extensive tooth defects, cleft lip).
• •Hearing impairment (difficulty in communication, inaccurate repetition).
• •Patients with central nervous system diseases causing significant pronunciation abnormalities.
• •Patients contraindicated for direct laryngoscopy (e.g., post-chemotherapy in the pharynx, diseases prone to mucosal bleeding, etc.) that affect group allocation, as well as those unable to complete the recording or temporarily reassigned to other anesthesia methods.