Effects of Auricular Acupressure on Relieving Pain in Postpartum Women With Episiotomy

Exclusion Criteria

• •1. Women with skin lesions or allergies at the auricular acupressure site.
• •2. Women with gynecological disorders, such as uterine fibroids, adenomyosis, or endometriosis.
• •3. Women or newborns with severe postpartum complications, such as postpartum hemorrhage, infection, perineal hematoma, major neonatal diseases, or admission to the neonatal intensive care unit.
• •4. Women with psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety or depression.