Combined Nutrition and Exercise Interventions in Women With Breast Cancer History

Breast cancer survivors often experience long-term physical and psychological side effects derived from treatment, such as fatigue, loss of muscle mass, metabolic alterations, and reduced quality of life. Lifestyle interventions involving nutrition and exercise have demonstrated significant potential to mitigate these effects and promote overall recovery. This randomized controlled clinical trial will include adult female breast cancer survivors who have completed their primary oncological treatment. Participants will be divided into six parallel groups: 1. Control group - no intervention. 2. Mediterranean diet group (MD) - individualized nutritional plan based on Mediterranean dietary patterns. 3. Strength training group (ST) - supervised resistance exercise sessions. 4. Endurance training group (ET) - supervised aerobic exercise sessions. 5. Combined training group (CT) - combination of strength and endurance training. 6. Combined diet and exercise group (MD+CT) - simultaneous application of Mediterranean diet and combined training. The intervention will last 12 weeks, during which participants in the intervention groups will attend supervised sessions and receive continuous nutritional guidance. Assessments will be performed at baseline and after 12 weeks, including anthropometric and body composition analysis, metabolic and inflammatory markers, physical fitness testing, dietary intake, and psychological well-being scales. This study seeks to identify the most effective strategy-dietary, physical, or combined-for improving health outcomes, functionality, and emotional recovery in breast cancer survivors, contributing to the development of comprehensive post-treatment rehabilitation programs.