Cohort Observing Mechanisms, Progression and Sequelae of Valvular Heart Disease

This study is a prospective observational cohort study designed to investigate the disease progression, medication and surgical intervention patterns, outcomes, and influencing factors in patients with moderate or greater cardiac valve stenosis and Grade II or higher cardiac valve regurgitation. The study population includes patients diagnosed at 15 major medical institutions in China, including the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine and West China Hospital of Sichuan University. The severity of valvular heart disease is determined according to a standardized dataset (JACC Adv. 2025 Apr) developed by a joint task force comprising multiple international societies. Currently, there is a lack of clear consensus regarding the management of patients with moderate valvular stenosis and regurgitation, and their subsequent disease progression remains poorly understood. Notably, the time span for progression from moderate to severe valvular heart disease can vary from 1 to 10 years, and monitoring and early warning mechanisms for potential early markers indicating disease deterioration are currently underdeveloped. Furthermore, patients with severe valvular heart disease may experience different outcomes following various device implantations, and the associated risk factors require further clarification. The objective of this study is to identify all clinical, biological, echocardiographic, and imaging parameters that may increase the risk of disease progression or adverse outcomes through a prospective observational cohort design. The confirmation of these parameters will guide future research in developing pharmacological and interventional treatment strategies to reduce mortality associated with this disease. Patients enrolled in this study will undergo annual outpatient follow-up visits after diagnosis, which will include electrocardiography, echocardiography, blood analysis, and contrast-enhanced CT scans. Through these comprehensive monitoring methods, we aim to accurately assess changes in patients' conditions and provide a scientific basis for clinical decision-making.