Investigation of Using Non-Wearable Devices to Assess Sleep- Disordered Breathing in Hospitalized Patients With Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia patients frequently experience sleep disorders and circadian rhythm disruptions, with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) being particularly prevalent. Evidence indicates that schizophrenia patients have approximately twice the risk of developing OSA compared to the general population, and comorbid OSA may worsen clinical outcomes, reduce quality of life, and increase mortality. Traditional OSA diagnosis relies on overnight Polysomnography (PSG), which is costly, difficult to implement, and associated with lower compliance among psychiatric patients, leading to delayed detection and treatment. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of comorbid OSA and its impact on disease progression in hospitalized schizophrenia patients using non-wearable monitoring devices. A smart sensing pad based on Noninvasive Fiber Optic Physiological Monitoring Technology (nFOPT) will be employed to capture sleep physiological signals, while OSA severity will be compared with assessments from a simplified sleep-disordered breathing screening device (Belun Ring). The study will incorporate clinical psychiatric symptom evaluations, nurses' observations recorded every 30 minutes during hospitalization, and data from wearable bands capturing daytime activity levels and sleep behaviors. Statistical and machine learning analyses will be applied to examine correlations between OSA severity and changes in psychiatric symptoms and to develop multimodal prediction models. Expected outcomes include: (1) determination of the prevalence and severity distribution of OSA among hospitalized schizophrenia patients, (2) characterization of the relationship between OSA severity and psychiatric symptom changes, and (3) validation of non-wearable fiber optic monitoring technology for early screening and risk prediction. The application of clinically feasible, non-wearable devices is intended to enhance detection of comorbid sleep-disordered breathing in schizophrenia and support timely diagnostic and therapeutic interventions, ultimately improving patient outcomes and quality of life.