Comparison of Shockwave Therapy and Exercise on Pain, Flexibility, and Balance in Hamstring Tightness

This study evaluates the efficacy of ESWT versus exercise therapy in managing low back pain due to hamstring tightness. Participants with diagnosed hamstring tightness and low back pain will be randomly assigned to receive either ESWT or an exercise program, each administered twice weekly for four weeks. The ESWT group will receive standardized shock wave therapy targeting the hamstring muscles and related structures, alongside core exercises. The exercise group will perform a structured program including hamstring stretching and lumbar stabilization exercises, also with core exercises. Assessments will occur at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and four weeks post-treatment. Pain will be measured using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), flexibility via Popliteal Angle (PA) and Fingertip-to-Floor (FTF) tests, and balance using the Y-Balance Test (YBT). Data will be analyzed using Statistical analysis will be performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), 26.0, with a significance level of p\<0.05. The study hypothesizes that ESWT may provide faster pain relief and balance improvements, while exercise may offer more sustained flexibility gains.