Immediate Implant in Posterior Mandible Region

Exclusion Criteria

• •• Patients who had undergone previous extraction of all badly decayed teeth .
• •* Implant placement in both healed bone and at the extraction sites in the same procedure.
• •* Presence of any local or systemic factors that might contraindicate oral surgery.
• •* Poor oral hygiene.
• •* Conditions that complicate wound healing such as uncontrolled diabetes, smoking (10 cigarettes a day), pregnancy, a history of drug or alcohol abuse, and an inability or unwillingness to return for follow-ups after occlusal loading.