Comparing Music-Supported and Traditional Aerobic Training in Geriatric Health Outcomes

Exclusion Criteria

• •Presence of uncontrolled hypertension (≥180/110 mmHg) or severe complications of diabetes (e.g., diabetic neuropathy, proliferative retinopathy, uncontrolled hypoglycemic episodes)
• •Presence of respiratory diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, etc.
• •Presence of chronic neurological disorders such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's Disease, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), etc.
• •Diagnosis of any oncological disease
• •Presence of acute musculoskeletal conditions that would prevent participation in exercise (e.g., fracture, advanced osteoarthritis, severe musculoskeletal injuries)
• •Having undergone any surgical operation within the past 6 months
• •Presence of visual or auditory impairments that could interfere with the assessment procedures
• •A score of ≤24 on the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), indicating cognitive impairment
• •Participation in a regular exercise program within the last six months